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Bacillus anthracis Microbiology

  1. What is the gram stain and shape of bacillus anthracis?
    • Gram positive
    • Rods
  2. True/False: B. anthracis is endospore former
    True
  3. True/False: B. anthracis has a capsule
    True
  4. How would pulmonary B. anthracis infection show on Xray?
    • Widened mediastinum
    • Pleural effusions
  5. Do B. anthracis have capsule?
    Yes
  6. Are B. anthracis endospore formers?
    Yes
  7. What would show on CSF analysis for B. anthracis?
    • Gram positive bacteria
    • Lots of neutrophils
  8. True/False: lymphocytosis is often a result for B. anthracis infection
    False; there is elevated PMNs not lymphocytes. Lymphocytosis is with B. pertussis
  9. True/False: B. anthracis has a human reservoir
    False; they live in soil/ vegetation, hence the endospore formers
  10. True/False: B. anthracis is used as a bioweapon
    True
  11. What is B. anthracis oxygen need?
    Aerobe to facultative anaerobe
  12. True/False: B. anthracis requires special nutrient agar
    False; they are non-fastidious, nutrient or blood agar suffice
  13. What are virulence factors of B. anthracis?
    • Endospore former
    • Capsule
    • Replication in macrophage
    • AB exotoxin complex
  14. How do B. anthracis get around macrophages?
    • Antiphagocytic capsule
    • Replicate within macrophage
    • Inhibit proliferation of macrophage with lethal factor
  15. How is capsule a virulence factor?
    Avoid getting phagocytosed
  16. True/False: B. anthracis can replicate within a macrophage in the case that it is engulfed by one
    True
  17. What is lethal factor
    Inhibits proliferation various cell types including macrophages
  18. What composes the AB exotoxin complex of B. anthracis?
    Protective antigen, edema factor enzyme, lethal factor enzyme
  19. True/False: transmission of anthrax is often through occupational exposure
    True
  20. What are prominent symptoms of pulmonary anthrax?
    • Hemorrhagic mediastinitis
    • Pleural effusions
  21. True/false: B. anthracis pulmonary infection is usually benign and non-fatal
    False; 90-100% if not treated immediately
  22. How many forms of anthrax infections are there? What are they?
    • 3
    • Cutaneous
    • Respiratory
    • GI
  23. What is the typical lesion seen in cutaneous anthrax?
    • Black eschar
    • Local edema
  24. How could anthrax be prevented?
    • Animal vaccines
    • Biosafety level 3 labs
  25. What is the treatment for inhalation anthrax?
    Antibiotics and monoclonal antibody
Author
lykthrnn
ID
345635
Card Set
Bacillus anthracis Microbiology
Description
Pulmonary Final- Microbiology
Updated

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