NIC Written Vocabulary

Range of services and devices that promote effective communication

Sign takes on characteristics of preceding or succeeding sign

• a. Linguistic considerations
• b. contextual dimensions
• c. interpersonal dynamics

• a. hand shape
• b. location
• c. palm orientation
• d. movement
• e. NMS

• a. Frozen
• b. formal
• c. consultative
• d. informal
• e. intimate

• a. start with an open mind
• b. get all the facts
• c. listen to your gut
• d. identify the duties at stake
• e. figure out what kind of conflict it is
• f. brainstorm and analyze
• g. reach a conclusion
• h. minimize harm
• i. look to future

1964

American Athletic Association of the Deaf

American Association of Deaf-Blind

Classifiers that are smaller than life-size, the shape and movement of which does not necessarily have iconic features.

Generic and lacking in specificity

Modification to building design, program delivery, or forms of communication which will allow Deaf and disabled individuals to gain access to services provided by an institution or agency; e.g. sign language interpreters make the information accessible to a person who cannot hear what is being said.

Associate Continued Education Tracking

American's with Disabilities Act

American Deafness and Rehabilitation Association

American Deaf Volleyball Association

To become deaf at some point after birth

Abused deaf women's advocacy services

American Deaf Women Bowling Association

Referring to emotions or feelings

Alexander Graham Bell Association for the Deaf for the Deaf and Hard of Hearing

One's first language, usually the language your parents speak although this is not always the case, also known as mother tongue or native language.

Assistive Listening Device

Association of Late Deafened Adults

All of the above

All of the above

Having both negative and positive feelings about something: common reaction of members of the oppressed group who have both positive and negative feelings about themselves and the minority group they are affiliated with.

The oldest permanent school for the deaf in the United States. It was founded April 15, 1817, in West Hartford, Connecticut, by Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet, Dr. Mason Cogswell, and Laurent Clerc and became a state-supported school later that year.

A visual-gestural language incorporating facial grammatical markers, physical affect markers, spatial linguistic information and finger spelling, as well as signs made with the hands. It is a distinct language with its own syntax and grammar, it is not based on, nor derived from, a spoken language; the natural language of the Deaf community, is an integral part of Deaf culture. Varieties include old, traditional, and modern.

Americans with Disabilities Act; covers many aspects of life, unfunded mandate, required participation but no government funds provided; ALL private and public places must comply except if the entity has less than 15 employees or can prove undue hardship.

A form of signing which blends AL with English-based signs; a contact variety more closely affiliated with ASL than English.

A person who uses English-based communication, as compared to French-based communication (common term in Canada for English-speaking people.)

American School for the Deaf (Connecticut)

American Society of Deaf Children

American Society for Deaf Children

American Sign Language

American Speech, Language and Hearing Association

American Sign Language Teachers Association

When a sign takes on the hand shape, location, movement, or orientation of another sign.

The national professional association and certifying body of sign language interpreters in Canada; has provincial chapters and a central office in Edmonton, Alberta.

Assistive Technology

An attitude based on pathological thinking that results in negative stigma toward anyone who does not hear; like racism or sexism, autism judges, labels, and limits individuals on the basis of whether a person hears and speaks (coined by Tom Humphries)

The channel through which hearing people hear and monitor their own voice as they speak (alternate term: back-channel feedback)

Languages based on a structual set of linguistic rules in which the communication is based on sound: spoken languages throughout the world fall into this category.

Range of services and devices that promote effective communication.

Association of Visual Language Interpreters of Canada

Black Deaf Advocates

An idea frequently held by members of the marginalized groups that members of the oppressor group are somehow super-beings, also referred to as "magical thinking."

Bilingual-Bicultural

Refers to an individual (1) who has knowledge about two cultures, and (2) who has developed socially appropriated behaviors necessary to fit in each of the two cultures. Further, it implies that the individual has the ability to shift from culture to culture displaying socially appropriate behaviors at the right time with the appropriate group.

A philosophy of interpreting based on the belief that effective interpretation requires cultural and linguistic mediation in order to accomplish speaker goals and maintain dynamic equivalence; based on the recognition of Deaf people as members of an oppressed minority; accepts ASL as a language of Deaf Culture as that which encompasses the norms, values, and traditions of this community of people.

An approach which stresses ASL as the instructional language for all subjects except English, with an ultimate goal of developing competency in both English and American Sign Language; base on the recognition of deaf people as members of an oppressed minority; accepts ASL as a language and Deaf culture as that which encompasses the norm, values, and traditions of this community of people; students in a bi-bi program study ASL (public signing, grammar etc.) Deaf culture, Deaf heritage/history, and Deaf studies. This approach to deaf education is becoming more popular as it's successes are being experienced.

Refers to one's second language, one acquired by living in a county where that language is spoken, by interacting frequently with people using that language or by studying the language formally.

Both B and C

A bound morpheme must be attached to another morpheme otherwise it becomes meaningless, whereas a free morpheme has meaning on its own.

A morpheme that cannot exist as independent units, they must occur with other morphemes ex. three-weeks

Central Athletic Association of the Deaf

Convention of American Instructors of the Deaf

Conceptually Accurate Signed English

Closed Captioned

Conference of Executives of Schools of the Deaf

The professional certificate awarded by the Association of Visual Language Interpreters of Canada (AVLIC) to individuals who successfully complete both a knowledge and skills assessment in effect so long as the member adheres to the ACLIX Code of ethics and maintains annual active membership with fees paid in full.

A deaf interpreter who has taken and passed the RID certification for Deaf Interpreters.

Chapters

Conference of Interpreter Trainers

A language one can "manage" to comprehend what is spoken/signed. The individual speaks/signs with a heavy accent, improper grammatical structure and frequent semantic errors.

A specific set of signs that serve several functions in ASL; some are iconic (look somewhat like the object they represent), others are arbitrary there is no obvious reason for that sign or hand shape to be used for the noun it represents. It generally can not be used until the noun it is representing has been signed. They can convey ; (a) the relationship of a noun, (b) the way a noun moves; and (c) describe a variety of nouns.

Clear background

Clients

Closure skills (Cloze Skills)

Certificate Maintenance Program

Center on Deafness

Child of Deaf Adult

A set of guidelines that require an individual to develop effective decision making skills, a clear sense of her/his own beliefs and values, understand how society defines right/wrong, good/bad, and have the ability to apply all of this to spur of the moment, professional interactions, most professions have a code to guide practitioners, and consumers in their fields.

The conscious or unconscious movement from ASL into English-like signing or from English-like signing to ASL; this often occurs due to the experience of oppression common to Deaf people in Canada and the U.S.

Commission on Education for the Deaf

Certificate of Interpretation

Continuous, transactional process involving two or more people who occupy different but overlapping environments; as they seek to share information or ideas they create a relationship by simultaneously sending and receiving messages, some of which are clearly and overtly delivered, other that carry implied and unstated information; messages are often distorted by physical and psychological noise.

The way people in a communication interaction react to or engage with one another and to the overall interaction.

Relational-done with other people

A set of beliefs regarding Deaf individuals, ASL, and communication dynamics that influences the way a person views her/his role and work as an interpreter; includes a belief of Deaf people as handicapped, ASL as a means of communicating with less educated individuals, sensitivity to environmental factors that influence communication.

A manual code for English which combines English grammatical order with ASL signs and some invented initialized signs; choices of signs based on the intended concept of idea of the speaker.

A set of beliefs regarding Deaf individuals, ASL, and communication dynamics that influences the way a person views his/her role and work as an interpreter. Includes a belief of Deaf people as handicapped and needing to learn to care for themselves; word for word sign equivalents between signs and spoken English, and the interpreter as having no responsibility for the interaction or communication dynamics taking place.

An American organization of educators who teach interpretation; membership is international.

The agreement that information that takes place in a professional relationship is not to be shared with others outside of the specific setting and relationship; based on a trust relationship between the professional and his/her clients.

To be born deaf or hard-of-hearing

The process of interpreting into the target language after the speaker completes on or more ideas in the source language and pauses while the interpreter transmits that information; more accurate that simultaneous interpretation.

Form of interpretation when one of the individuals involved in the interchange has "expert" status or an enhanced command of the topic at hand.

A mixture of two languages resulting from prolonged language contact between members of different linguistic communities-includes code-switching, code-mixing, and lexical borrowing; sometimes referred to as Pidgin Signed English PSE although it does not satisfy the linguistic requirements of a true pidgin.

The physical location where the interaction is taking place, and the personal history each participant brings to the event.

Council of Organizations Serving the Deaf

An Interpreter must be provided if a non-native English speaker is involved in court, not disability legislation, witness testimony must be consecutive.

The ability to break the whole into its parts, to examine in detail, to look more deeply into a text and determine its nature by engaging in disciplined reasoning, inferring and deducing in order to extract the message carried below the words/signs or between the lines as well as the information explicitly stated.

Comprehensive Skills Certificate

Interpreting in such a way that information has equivalent meaning and impact for individuals with different languages and cultural schema: requires an interpreter to make cultural and linguistic expansions and reductions.

Providing the contextual information required to make sense out of something that is signed or said to someone without the requisite schema or experiential frame; done within the form of the interpretation.

Reducing the volume and sometimes the detail of information within an interpretation without affecting the meaning intended; done to meet communication and cultural norms of the target language.

Accepts Deaf people as normal, capable human beings rather than as disabled, abnormal etc. interprets differences as cultural and experiential.

The complex whole which includes knowledge beliefs, art, morals, laws, customs and any other capabilities, and habits acquired as a member of society; set of learned behaviors of a group of people who have their own language, values, rules of behavior, and traditions. materialistic, food, clothing other tangible items. Behavioral, rules for behavior which can be observed, taught and learned and cognitive that appropriate behavior learned and developed as a child, which has a deeper meaning and which is not easily observed or understood.

Deaf Artist of America

Deaf Athletics Federation of the United States

Deaf Basketball Association

Deaf Counseling Advocacy and Referral Agency

Used to denote individuals who, in addition to having significant hearing loss, function by choice as members of the Deaf community, subscribing to the unique cultural norms, values, and traditions of that group.

A label of pride and solidarity for those who have similar experiences, use a shared form of communication and who subscribe to Deaf cultural values, norms and traditions.

Refers to the inability to hear as compared to normal hearing, generally seen as a deficit or an impairment, measured by decibels.

Deaf person, trained in the art of interpretation, who facilitates communication between a deaf individual who is using non-standard ASL, a regional dialect or some other form of visual communication and a hearing interpreter.

A unit for expressing the relative intensity of sounds on a scale from zero for the average least perceptible sound to about 130 for the average level where sound induces pain.

The phenomenon of minority group members being dependent upon members of the power group for certain things they perceive they are unable to do for themselves.

The process of making new units of language.

The way language requires that information be presented in a monologue or dialogue.

Deaf President Now

In an interpreted event, maintaining the chemistry between a speaker and her/his audience that allows a connection to be made and the speaker's goals to be accomplished.

Behaving in a way that supports another right to make decisions within and interpersonal interaction by vesting control in the hands of consumers rather than solely in the hands of the interpreter; avoiding the imposition of ones own opinions, advice, sense of values or preferred for of communication on others.

A generic term used to refer to a variety of signing systems based on English structure, rather than the structure of American Sign Language; includes the Rochester Method, SEE1, SEE2, and conceptually accurate Signed English.

Phenomena in the area surrounding communication that can affect the interaction, including lights, extraneous auditory or visual noise, distance from the interpreter to the speaker, distance from the interpreter to the audience.

Words, signs or phrases that can be interpreted in more than one way; often misleading or confusing to the listener.

Making choices and acting in a way that respects others; grows out of a strong moral sense; requires the ability to think critically and the courage to choose to do the right thing.

Behavioral standards-a set of principles that defines what is judged appropriate or inappropriate right or wrong.

An attitude that ones own race or culture is superior to all others

The use of socially acceptable terms and phrases in place of blunt, descriptive words/phrases (powder room)

qualified interpreters, note takers, computer-aided transcription services, written materials, telephone handset amplifiers, assistive listening systems, telephones compatible with hearing aids, closed caption decoders, open and closed captioning, telecommunications devices for deaf persons, video text displays and exchange of written notes.

Noun/Verb pairs, compounds, finger spelled signs, numeral incorporation, CL predicates and perspective verbs.

Temporal aspect and Subject/Object agreement.

Flickering of lights, squeal of a poorly connected microphone, or the incessant coughing of someone in the room.

• Size of audience,setting, communication preferences of presenter and audience type and interactivity of presentation.
• special communication needs of those in attendance (including, but not limited to the need for tactile, oral or close visual range interpretation.
• dynamics of the scheduled events (concurrent sessions, off site tours, etc.)