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general characteristics of protozoa
- eukaryotic
- unicellular
- live alone or in a colony
- contains appendages for movement (flagella, cilia)
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what are the 4 classes of protozoa
- sarcodina
- mastigophora "flagelleta"
- ciliophora
- sporozoa
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general characteristics of sarcodina?
- pseudopodia: for movement and catching food
- amoebas
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general characteristics of mastigophora "flagellata"
- can have 1 or more flagella
- flagella: for movement and catching food
- flagella originates from blephoroplast/kenitoplast
- body is divided into extoplast/endoplast
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general characteristics of ciliophora
- cilia: shorter, more numerous, and thicker than flagella
- each cilia originates from kinectosome (found in ectoplast)
- rhythmic movement of cilia damages cell
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general characteristics of sporozoa
- no locomotive organelle
- free living
- all parasitic
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describe the phylum platyhelminthes
- flatworms
- multicellular eukaryote
- acoelomite: no body cavity
- majority are hermaphrodites (monoecious)
- some are dioecious
- contains a sucker, mouth, ventral sucker (acetabulum)
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what are the classes of platyhelminthes
- trematoda: flukes
- cestoda: tapeworm
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describe trematoda
- "flukes"
- some monoecious/dioecious
- primitive digestive system
- contains posterior and anterior sucker
- monogenetic flukes
- digenetic flukes
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describe the difference between monogenetic flukes and digenetic flukes
- monogenetic flukes: cannot be found in human. Only in lower animals. Ex) frog
- digenetic flukes: complex life cycle. Requires more than one intermediate host. Found in high animals (human). Found in 4 groups (intestinal, blood, liver, lung)
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what are the 5 life stages of flukes in order from young to mature
- meracelium
- sporocyst
- radia
- cercaria
- metacercaria
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describe cestoda
- "tapeworm"
- longer than flukes
- segmented
- each segment is monoecious
- contains head (scolex), sucker (hooks), neck
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describe aschelminthes
- "roundworms" "nematyleminthes"
- all dioecious
- females are longer
- males are shorter, thinnger
- only class that can harm humans (nematodas)
- different groups (intestinal, tissue, blood)
- contains spicule (penis) and vagina
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describe acanthocephala
- "thorny headed worm"
- small, dioecious
- no digestie system
- need intermediate host (cockroach, beetle, insects)
- pseudo coelomate "false body cavity"
- contains probascus
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describe arthropoda
segmented organism, some have wings, some don't
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what are the 5 classes of arthropoda and name examples
- crustacea: shrimp, crab, lobster
- chilopoda: centipeds
- arachnida: body contains cephalothorax and abdomen, scorpion, ticks
- pentastomida: tongue worm, not present in humansÂ
- insecta: body composed of head, thorax, abdomen. Fly, lice, mosquito
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