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Pharmacology hyperlipidemia

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  1. What is the mechanism of action for Statins?
    Inhibit rate limiting enzyme HMG-CoA reductase— cholesterol synthesis
  2. Is there an increase or decrease of LDL receptor with the use of statin?
    Increase LDL receptors and thus LDL uptake
  3. Does cholesterol increase or decrease with Statin use?
    Decrease
  4. What is the most effective drug to reduce LDL?
    Statins
  5. What is the most common adverse effect with statin use?
    Muscle pain
  6. What are some adverse effects that can occur with statin use?
    • Hepatotoxicity
    • Myopathy
  7. What are some contraindications for statin use?
    Women who are pregnant and lactating
  8. What is the name of a sterol absorption inhibitor?
    Ezetimibe
  9. What is the mechanism of action for ezetimibe?
    Reduce absorption of cholesterol through NPC1L1 protein
  10. Ezetimibe is often used with which other drug for an additive effect of reducing cholesterol?
    Statins
  11. What is an adverse effect of ezetimibe?
    Low incidence of hepatic dysfunction
  12. Where are bile salts synthesized?
    In the liver
  13. What is the importance of bile salts?
    Absorption of fats and remove toxin from body
  14. What is the mechanism of action of bile acid sequestrants?
    • Prevent absorption of bile acids through intestine thereby increasing excretion of bile acids through feces
    • Decrease cholesterol hepatocyte
  15. Is there an increased or decreased of LDL receptors with bile acid sequestrants use?
    Increased LDL receptors
  16. What are the names of some bile acid sequestrants?
    • Colestipol
    • Cholestyramine
  17. What are some adverse effects of bile acid sequestrants?
    • Constipation and bloating
    • Vitamin K deficiency
  18. What are some contraindications for bile acid sequestrants?
    Avoided in patients with diverticulitis
  19. What is the mechanism of action for fibrates?
    Activate PPAR alpha receptor in the nucleus
  20. What results with fibrates use?
    • Increase in plasma HDL
    • Decrease in plasma trigylcerides
  21. What is a contraindication for fibrates?
    Patients with renal or hepatic dysfunction
  22. What is niacin?
    Vitamin B3
  23. What’s the mechanism of action of niacin?
    Inhibits adipose hormone-sensitive lipase
  24. What results with the use of niacin?
    Decrease LDL and VLDL, and slight increase in HDL
  25. What is an adverse effect of niacin?
    Flushing
  26. What can reduce the flushing effect caused by niacinjQuery112406838657385959817_1548649819818
    Taking NSAIDs before
  27. What is the mechanism of action of PCSK9 inhibitors?
    Inhibits PCSK 9 which leads to decrease LDL
  28. What is the mechanism of action for omega 3 fatty acids?
    Regulation of SREBP-1c and PPAR alpha
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Author
lykthrnn
ID
344936
Card Set
Pharmacology hyperlipidemia
Description
Cardiovascular final
Updated

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