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What is Dynamics
The loudness or Softness of a Musical Passage
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Give examples of Dynamics
PP= Pianisimo (soft)
P= Piano (soft)
MP= Metzo Piano (medium soft)
MF= Metzo Forte (medium loud)
F = Forte(Loud)
FF =Fortissimo (Very Loud)
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Define Pitch
Highness or lowness of sound
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What is Simple Meter?
A mter in which te main beats are subdivided into two.
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Examples of simple meters?
2/2, 3/4, 4/4
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What is Duple Meter?
A meter consisting of one accented beat alternating with one unnacented beat.
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Give an example of Duple Meter.
One Two, One Two
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Definition of tempo?
speed of music
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Diatonic scale?
Set of seven pitches represented by the white notes of the piano within one octave.
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Chromatic Scale
Set of twelve pitches represented by all white and black notes within an octave.
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Pitch
Quality of Highness or lowness of a sound
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octave
interval between a pair of duplicating notes eight notes apart in the diatomic scale.
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Example of non metrical music?
chant
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Interval
distance between notes
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melody
succesion of pitches
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Motive
short fragment of melody used in constructing a long section of music.
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theme
basic subject matter of a piece of music, some examples include a short motive or a full tune
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Cadence
notes or chords that leave a feeling of conclusiveness
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consonance
Intervals or chords that sound free of tension
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dissonance
Intervals or chords that sound relatively tense and unstable .
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Definition of Texture and the different kinds?
Blend of the various sounds and melodic lines occuring simontaniously in a piece of music.
- - Monophony: single melodic line
- - Homophony: one melody plus chords or another subsidiary sound.
- - Polyphony: two or more melodic lines that are played or sung simutaneously.
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Modulation
Changing key within a piece
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Three Stringed Instruments
Violin Viola Cello
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Woodwind Instruments
Flute, Piccolo , Clarinet, Oboe, Basoon, English Horn, Saxophone
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Brass Intruments
Trumnpet, French Horn, Tuba, Other Brass Instruments, trombone
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Percussion
Timpani, Triangle xylophone, Marimba, Vibraphone,
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Keyboard Instruments
Harpsichord, Piano, Organ,
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Symphony
Large orchestral piece in several movements.
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Orchestra
large group of instruments that play together during periods of western music.
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String Quartet
Group consisted of two violins, a cello and a viola
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Organum
Earliest genre of medieval polyphonic music
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Mass
Main roman catholic service
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Kinds of Roman Mass
- Kyrie
- Gloria Credo
- Sanctus
- Agnus Dei
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When did the middle ages take place ?
476-1400
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Plain chant
Unaccompanied monophonic music without fixed rhythm or meter.
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Gregorian chant
Plain chant It is called gregorian chant after the famous pope and church father Gregory I.
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Trobadours
South of France
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Trouvérs
jongleurs found the the north of France
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Minnesinger
Jongleurs from Germany
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Composers of Ars Nova Era?
Phillipe De Vitry, Guillame De Machaut, Goeffrey Chaucer
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Renaissance Dates
1450-1600
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Paraphrase
Modification and decoration of plain chant melodies.
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A capella
Music without instrumental accompaniment.
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madrigal
Main secular vocal genre of the renaissance.
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Credo, sanctus
Christians list of beliefs, sanctus is similar but smaller
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Agnues Dei
Simple prayer rounding up the mass
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Who was Palestrina
Composer in Renaissance age that wrote in a new style that was more simple and thus "kept music on the catholic map"
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Common Tempo Indicators?
Adagio
Andante
Moderato
allegretto
Allegro
Presto
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Common Tempo Indicators ?
- Largo, Lento: Very Slow
- Larghetto: Somewhat faster than Largo
- Adagio: slow
- Andante: On the slow side but not too slow
- Andantino: Somewhat faster than andante
- Allegretto: On the fast side but not too fast
- Vivance, Vivo: Lively
- Allegro: Fast
- Molto Alleegro: Faster than Allegro
- Presto: Very Fast
- Prestissimo: Very Fast Indeed
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