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Hearing Loss
- one of the most common disabilities among children 4/1000
- associated with otitis media
- if kids can't hear they won't learn
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Conductive Hearing Loss
Problem with the outer or middle ear
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Sensorineural Hearing Loss
problem with the inner ear system
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Mixed hearing Loss
problems with conductive or sensorineural systems of hearing
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Intermittent/Transient Hearing Loss
temporary hearing loss as a result of a sickness or trauma
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Degree of Hearing Loss
- determines which sounds will be inaudible
- determines hearing threshold: loudness level at which sound is heard
- may cause audio perceptual problems
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Auditory Processing Disorder
- hear sounds but can't discriminate
- difficulty synthesizing output to get meaningful info
- can't link or tell the difference between individual sounds in C-A-T
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Auditory Neuropathy/dys-synchrony (AN/AD)
- hears sound but there is a problem with auditory nerve (8th cranial)
- doesn't pick up sound for interpretation
- at all levels: inner, middle, outer
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Parental Involvement
- decides which was treatment will progress
- learning to listen, sign, or both
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Co-occurring Conditions
impacts how HL affects comm development and how we would assess and treat it
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Neural Plasticity
auditory nerve may develop appropriately even after trauma
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Listening and Spoken Lang
- develop listening skills
- learn from the hearing age, not chron age
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Visual learning and Manual Communication
- various types (ASL, ESL)
- pidgin: make up own sign system
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Skills for Counseling Parents
- tolerate convo silence
- reflect feeling: respond to the emotions rather than the content of the message
- ask open ended questions
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Family Role
- parents are primary language teachers
- maximize early lang experiences
- use scaffolding, imitation, and closed questions
- frequent storybook reading
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Cottage Acquisition Scales for Listening, Learning, and Speech (CASLLS)
- developmental checklists for assessment and planing for diagnostic therapy
- includes cognition, play, and convo skills
- designed for kids with HL
- describe abilities along the continuum of lang milestones (developmental approach)
- language and cognition co dependent
- early lang, expanding lang, complex lang
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Ling Test
- tests ability to detect and discriminate sounds across the speech spectrum
- (m, ah, oo, ee, sh, s)
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MacArthur Inventory
- standardized
- parent report assists in screening emerging lang and comm skills
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Learning to Listen
sound object association to learn new sounds and vocab
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Acoustic Highlighting
- slower rate
- increased pitch contrasts in sets of words (no rhyming words)
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Hand Cue
use hand placement to alert listeners
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Sound Sandwich
combining visual and audio cues
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Sabotage
make deliberate mistake to give child chance to repair it
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Language Experience Books
- photos and mementos to doc and describe experiences
- use to address past and future, abstract and other lang concepts
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