Genetics and Genetic Disease Chapter 25

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Give some examples of ways that genetic engineers and agricultural scientists have improved our lives.

Gene augmentation therapy is being used to treat recessive disorders [ADA deficiency]; there are technical problems remaining before it can be widely used for cancer, aging, and so on.
What is a gene?
- independent genetic units (DNA segments) that carry the genetic code
- dictate the production of enzymes and other molecules which in turn dictate the structure and function of the cell
What is the difference between chromatin and chromosomes?

Genes are active in the chromatin (strand) form and inactive when DNA is in the chromosome (compact) form
Each gene contains a genetic code _____ that the cell ___ to ______; each ____ then moves to a ribosome where the code is then ______ to a specific protein.

DNA; transcribes; messenger RNA (mRNA); mRNA molecule; translated
What is a genome?

An entire set of human chromosomes (46 in nucleus of each cell, 1 mitochondrial chromosome).
What is the HGP?

The Human Genome; contains about 30,000 genes and large amounts of noncoding DNA
What are pseudogenes?

Genes containing non-coding DNA
What is genomics?

Analysis of the sequence contained in the genome
What is proteomics?

Analysis of the entire group of proteins encoded by the genome, called the human proteome.
What is an ideogram?

cartoon of a chromosome showing the centromere as a constriction and the short segment (p-arm) and long segment (q-arm)
What is a p-arm?

the shorter segment of the chromosome
What is a q-arm?

the longer segment of the chromosome
What separates the nucleoplasm and cytoplasm?

the nuclear membrane (envelope)
What is the difference between dominant and recessive genes?

Dominant requires one copy of a gene to be present and recessive requires two
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Genetics and Genetic Disease Chapter 25

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Notes on Dr. B's Chapter 25 ppt

Updated

2018-12-03T15:37:48Z

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