-
elevation in ALT (alanine transferase) and AST (aspartate aminotransferase) of RBC isozyme indicates what.
Which is the most specific for liver
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ALP (alkaline phosphatase) indicates what
- biliary duct damage
- bone
- elevated in primary biliary cirrhosis and alcoholic hepatitis
-
GGT (g-glutamyltransferase) elevation indicates
alcohlism
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lactic dehydrogenase (LD) -4,5 elevation indicates what
liver damage
-
5-nucleotidase (5NT) elevation indicates
- bile duct obstruction
- rules out bone enzyme
-
a-fetoprotein elevation indicates
fetal hepatitis, fetal cancer
-
mitochondrial antibodies test
- indicate primary biliary cirrhosis
- chronic hepatitis
- autoimmune disorders
-
Reye's Syndrome
- affects primarily children.
- massive accumulation of fat in liver and other organs, causing pressure within the brain.
- cause: unknown
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P-dimethylbenzaldehyde reagent measures what compound
urobilinogen
-
diazo reagent measures what compound
conjugated bilirubin
-
p-dimethylaminobenzoate measures what compound
bilirubin
-
conjugate bilirubin + diazo reagent produces what compound
azobilirubin (purple)
-
total bilirubin + diazo reagent + methonol produces what compound
purple
-
total bilirubin includes
unconjugated + conjugated bilirubin
-
what can cause cirrhosis
- alcoholism
- autoimmune disease
- viral hepatitis
-
what is gilbert's syndrome
- an inherited condition associated with decreased conjugated bilirubin due to decrease in enzyme activity.
- results to hepatic jaundice.
-
What causes HAV
how is hepatitis A detected
- RNA virus
- Hepatitis antibody: IgM (peaks 1 wk, disappears 8wk) and IgG (peaks 1-2month, persists for years)
-
what causes HBV (hepatitis B virus)
what serological tests can be done to detect HBV
- DNA virus
- presence of surface antigens on virus (HBcAg) and on protein (HBsAg)
-
what is HCV (hepatitis C virus) caused by
RNA virus
-
how is hepatitis transmitted
bodily fluids, needles,
-
what does the liver synthesize
- lipids
- proteins (albumin, clotting factors)
- bile
- lipoproteins
-
what does the liver store
- minerals
- vitamins (A,D,E,K)
- glucose
-
what does the liver detox
- poison
- hormones
- bilirubin
- ammonia
- drugs
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what is the enzyme that conjugates bilirubin in the liver
UDPGT
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