chem ch 9

what is it called when atoms tend to react chemically so as to achieve a noble-gas electron configuration, either by losing or gaining electrons or by sharing electrons with other atoms

what rule is considered the "driving force" that causes elements to react to form chemical bonds

a chemical bond in which positively charged ions are electrically attracted to negatively charged ions

an attractive force between atoms that is strong enough to enable the group to act as a unit

when two atoms share a single pair of electrons

sharing two pairs of electrons

sharing three pairs of electrons

electrons that circulate freely through the molecule instead of being bound to a single atom or pair of atoms

bonding situation in which electrons are shared by more that two atoms

a chemical bond that results from the sharing of valence electrons between atoms

chemical bonds that bind atoms together

a covalent bond in which both atoms share electrons equally

a covalent bond in which electrons are shared unequally between atoms

a bond or molecule that has a negative end and a positive end

aufbau principle

periodic law

Pauli exclusion principle

uncertainty principle

Hund's rule

which bond has cations attracted to anions

what bond has a large number of freely circulating electrons among many atoms

looking much like a tripod with a hydrogen atom at the end of each "leg" and the nitrogen atom sitting at the top

molecules in which three atoms are arranged in a strait line are said to have what geometry

what geometry has three bonding pairs of electrons that are arrayed around the central atom

the force between neighboring polar molecules due to the attraction of oppositely charged ends

only type of intermolecular force that affects nonpolar molecules

weak intermolecular forces resulting from instantaneous dipoles in molecules

solids that have no ordered arrangement or pattern for the particles that compose them

(arranged randomly)

solid characterized by particles arranged in a regular and repeated three dimensional pattern

the simplest repeating unit in a crystal

what types of close-packed unit cells do most metals assume

another name for face-centered cubic

able to move freely in certain directions while retaining a degree of order in others