501 quiz 3

prevents atherosclerosis

high-density plasma lipoprotein

Carries cholesterol FROM tissues TO liver

scavengers; picking up cholesterol from deposits in the arteries and bringing it back to the liver for disposal; inhibits uptake of LDLs into cells

Exercise, moderate ETOH­

Smoking, diabetes or metabolic syndrome (prediabetes)

why are increased blood lipids so bad?

a condition of thickening and hardening of the vessel wall

a form of arteriosclerosis caused by accumulation of lipid-laden macrophages within the wall; leads to lesion called plaque; not a single disease but a pathological process

atherosclerotic lesions; earlier stage; normal in children; thin, flat, yellow discolorations that progressively enlarge by becoming thicker and more elevated

Fibrous atheromatous plaque

complicated lesion

tend to develop at sites of turbulent flow – near branch points

reversible fatty plaques deposits

Family History; MI before 55 yo in father; MI before 65 yo in mother

Age; Men > 45 yo; women > 55 yo; premature menopause

Hyperlipidemia
Low HDL (< 40 mg/dL)
High LDL

Hypertension (BP > 140/90); current cigarette smoking; DM

Reduction in LDL is primary target for __________, particularly for people at risk for CHD

systemic vascular resistance

“Essential hypertension;” Chronic elevation of BP occurs without evidence of other disease; 90-95% of hypertension

Elevation of BP occurs from some other disorder; Kidney disease; Chronic renal failure
disorders of adrenocorticoid hormones (pheochromocytoma)