endocrine(1247 exam 1)

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the thyroid gland is a____

endocrine gland
endocrine gland secretes

hormones
thyroid gland secretes
- t4
- t3
- calcitonin
t3 and t4 control
- cellular activity
- increase metabolic rate
- increase o2
- increase carb and lipd metabolism
what does calcitonin do

lowers serum calcium
what controls the release of t3 and t4

anterior pituitary gland
if drop in t3 and t4 then___
- low blood concentrations
- pit gland releases tsh
- tsh stimulates thyroid to release t3 and t4
define hyperthyroidism

sustained increase in relase of thyroid hormones
most hyperthyroid is causes by

graves disease
graves disease

thyroid enlargement and elevated thyroid hormones
causes of hyperthyroid
- smoking
- stress
- insufficient iodine
- nodule goiter
s/s of hyperthyroidism
- rapid pule
- sweating
- brittle nails
- nervous
- restless
- insomnia
- weight loss
- increase RR
- diaphoresis
- fatigue
- bounding pulse
- exopthalmus(bulging eyes)
two diagnostic studies for hyperthyroidism
- t3 and t4
- 3t4
- tsh
what lab results would show for hyperthyroid ism
- TSH- low
- t3,t4,3t4-high
what is raiu test
- -radioactive iodine uptake
- -differenciate graves disease from other thyroiditis
- -for hyperthyroidism
RAIU test results
- graves: elevated
- no graves: not elevated
RAIU test contraindications

pregnancy or breastfeeding
tx for hyperthyroidism
- antithyroid med
- radioactive iodine therapy
- thyroidectomy(not total removal)
what is iodine therapy useful for
- hyperthyroidism
- increase iodine=decrease t3t4
antithyroid drugs

action
drugs
- inhibit synthesis of thyroid hormone
- tepazole and ptu
methimazole(tapazole)
- hyperthyroidism
- fast
- few SE
- 1 a day
propylthiouracil(PTU)
- hyperthyroidism
- blocks t3 t4
- TID
- liver damage
teaching for antithyroid meds
- -several weeks for effectiveness
- -not curative
what is main prpose for giving iodine
- prep for thyroidectomy
- tx of thyrotoxic crisi
- used with antithyroid meds
- DECREASE BLEEDING AFTER SURGERY
fact about iodine
- hyperthyroidism
- drease vascularity of thyroid gland decreasing bleeding
main reason for giving B adrenergenic blockers
- hyperthyroidism
- decreases SNS s/s
B adrenergenic blockers

propranolol for hyperthyroidism
radioactive iodine uses
- hyperthyroidism
- destroy excess thyroid tissue
- limit thyroid hormone secretion
radioactive iodine effects

up to 3 months so continue with other meds
radioactive iodine contraindication

rebound hypothyroidism
hyperthyroidism nutrition facts
- 4000-5000 calories per day
- 6 full meals plus snacks
- high carb high protein
- avoid: fiber and caffine
eye care for exopthalmus
- artificial tears
- prevent corneal ulceration
- tape eyelids shut
- elevate HOB
- salt restriction for edema
- dark glasses
- prevent irritation
thyroidectomy
- -unresponsive to antithyroid drug
- -large goiters w/ compression
- -malignancy
- not candidate for RAI
thyroidectomy post op care
- rom
- support head manually
- talking difficult for 3-4 days
- hoarsness and edema
thyroidectomy post op

when to monitor
best position

every 2hrs for 24 hrs asses for hemmorage and compression

semi fowlers position
how to asses for signs of hemmorage after thyroidectomy

inspect dressing
how to asses for signs of compression after thyroidectomy
- o2 sat
- dyspnea
- frq swallowing
- sob
after a thyroidectomy, how do you decrease tenion on suture lines
- avoid flexion
- elevate hob
what levels to monitor after thyroidectomy

calcium levels because remove parathyroid which decreases calcium
how to check for tetany
- muscle cramps or laryngeal stridor
- trosseaus and chovstecks signs
- monitor for 72 hours
muscle cramps or laryngeal stridor dt low calcium would be treated with

calcium gluconate
trousseaus and chvosteks are indication of

low calcium

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ChelseaL

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endocrine(1247 exam 1)

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endocrine(1247 exam 1)

Updated

2018-10-16T19:33:58Z