HIV/AIDS(1247 exam 1)

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what is the most common mode of hiv transmission

unprotected sex
who is more prone to contracting hiv men or women

women
what is the most common work related mode of transmission

puncture wounds
how hiv infects
- -hiv can not replicate unless inside a living cell
- -cd4 is target cell
- -enters cell and replicates
what is the normal function of t-cells
- lymphocyte
- immune
what happens when there is not enough t cells

the t cells produce antibodies that destroy infection. if there are not enough the infection prevails
what is the dif between hiv and aids
- -aids is a criteria of hiv
- -severely compromised immune system in pt with HIV
what is the time between hiv to aids

about 10 years
what is normal CD4 cell count

800-1200 cells/ul
AIDS criteria
- -cd4 under 200
- -specific opportunistic infection
- -wasting syndrome(loss of 10% ideal body mass)
acute infection is within ____ after hiv infection

2-4 weeks
acute infection is often described as

the worst flu ever
acute infection s/s
- flu like
- fever
- fatigue
- sore throat
- lymph
- headache
- diahreaa
- rash
chronic infection s/s

asymptomatic
time of chronic infection

3weeks to 3months, could last for 10 years
when does oral hairy leukoplakia occor
- during symptomatic infection
- cd4 approaches 200
symptomatic phase s/s
- -cd4 declines
- -fever, night sweats, atigue
- -thrush
- -oral hairy leuko
- -shingles
- oral or genital herpes
- karposi sarcoma
what are the two HIV tests
- antibody
- fourth generation
antibody tests
- -used in hcp office or home
- -saliva 20 min
- -blod draw after positive antibody to confirm
- -prick finger and mail blood to lab
forth generation
- -detects antibody and antigen
- -highly sensitive
- -shortens window period to within 3 weeks
- -
define window period

time during acute phase when false negatives are likely due to low antibody counts even when hiv counts are high
correctly identifying ___ phase is cruicial for preventing spread

acute
progression is monitored by
- cd4
- viral load
- neutropenia
- thrombocytopenia
- anemia
levels if treatment is

not effective
effective
- bellow 200-500
- >800
what does viral load measure

active hiv specific rna
what corrolates strongly with the stage of the disease

viral load
what is the goal of hiv treatment
- -decrase viral load
- -increase cd4
- -prevent s/s
- -prevent opp disease
- -delay progression
- -prevent transmission
what is ART
- -antiretroviral therapy
- -can slow disease progression
- -reduce viral load by 90-99%
disadvantages of ART
- -complex
- -SE
- -does not work for everyone
- -expensive
what is the action of meds

they all work by stopping viral replication at some point in the process
med side effects
- depression
- diarrhea
- -periph neuro path
- -pain
- n/v
- fatigue
what is happening during the asymptomatic phase
- viral load is decreasing
- cd4 still replicating
when should ART be started

ASAP
main point about ART
- adherence to drug regieme
- MDR
how do you measure effectiveness of ART

decrease in viral load
what do all hiv/aids drugs do?

decrease or stop replication
metabolic disorders of hiv/aids
- lipodystrophy
- hyperlipidemia
- insulin resistance
- bone disease
- lactic acidosis
- cadriovascular
major goal for HIV

prevention
what is pre-exposure prophylasis
- -hiv prevention
- -when ppl at high risk take hiv meds daily to lower their chances of getting infected
pre-exposure prophylasis meds

combo of two meds tuvada(tenofovir and emtricitabine)

daily use
ways healthcare workers contract hiv
- sticks
- skin contact
- splash in mucos membrane

Author

ChelseaL

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Card Set

HIV/AIDS(1247 exam 1)

Description

HIV/AIDS(1247 exam 1)

Updated

2018-10-16T18:33:28Z

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