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HIV/AIDS(1247 exam 1)

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  1. what is the most common mode of hiv transmission
    unprotected sex
  2. who is more prone to contracting hiv men or women
    women
  3. what is the most common work related mode of transmission
    puncture wounds
  4. how hiv infects
    • -hiv can not replicate unless inside a living cell
    • -cd4 is target cell
    • -enters cell and replicates
  5. what is the normal function of t-cells
    • lymphocyte
    • immune
  6. what happens when there is not enough t cells
    the t cells produce antibodies that destroy infection. if there are not enough the infection prevails
  7. what is the dif between hiv and aids
    • -aids is a criteria of hiv
    • -severely compromised immune system in pt with HIV
  8. what is the time between hiv to aids
    about 10 years
  9. what is normal CD4 cell count
    800-1200 cells/ul
  10. AIDS criteria
    • -cd4 under 200
    • -specific opportunistic infection
    • -wasting syndrome(loss of 10% ideal body mass)
  11. acute infection is within ____ after hiv infection
    2-4 weeks
  12. acute infection is often described as
    the worst flu ever
  13. acute infection s/s
    • flu like
    • fever
    • fatigue
    • sore throat
    • lymph
    • headache
    • diahreaa
    • rash
  14. chronic infection s/s
    asymptomatic
  15. time of chronic infection
    3weeks to 3months, could last for 10 years
  16. when does oral hairy leukoplakia occor
    • during symptomatic infection
    • cd4 approaches 200
  17. symptomatic phase s/s
    • -cd4 declines
    • -fever, night sweats, atigue
    • -thrush
    • -oral hairy leuko
    • -shingles
    • oral or genital herpes
    • karposi sarcoma
  18. what are the two HIV tests
    • antibody
    • fourth generation
  19. antibody tests
    • -used in hcp office or home
    • -saliva 20 min
    • -blod draw after positive antibody to confirm
    • -prick finger and mail blood to lab
  20. forth generation
    • -detects antibody and antigen
    • -highly sensitive
    • -shortens window period to within 3 weeks
    • -
  21. define window period
    time during acute phase when false negatives are likely due to low antibody counts even when hiv counts are high
  22. correctly identifying ___ phase is cruicial for preventing spread
    acute
  23. progression is monitored by
    • cd4
    • viral load
    • neutropenia
    • thrombocytopenia
    • anemia
  24. levels if treatment is

    not effective
    effective
    • bellow 200-500
    • >800
  25. what does viral load measure
    active hiv specific rna
  26. what corrolates strongly with the stage of the disease
    viral load
  27. what is the goal of hiv treatment
    • -decrase viral load
    • -increase cd4
    • -prevent s/s
    • -prevent opp disease
    • -delay progression
    • -prevent transmission
  28. what is ART
    • -antiretroviral therapy
    • -can slow disease progression
    • -reduce viral load by 90-99%
  29. disadvantages of ART
    • -complex
    • -SE
    • -does not work for everyone
    • -expensive
  30. what is the action of meds
    they all work by stopping viral replication at some point in the process
  31. med side effects
    • depression
    • diarrhea
    • -periph neuro path
    • -pain
    • n/v
    • fatigue
  32. what is happening during the asymptomatic phase
    • viral load is decreasing
    • cd4 still replicating
  33. when should ART be started
    ASAP
  34. main point about ART
    • adherence to drug regieme
    • MDR
  35. how do you measure effectiveness of ART
    decrease in viral load
  36. what do all hiv/aids drugs do?
    decrease or stop replication
  37. metabolic disorders of hiv/aids
    • lipodystrophy
    • hyperlipidemia
    • insulin resistance
    • bone disease
    • lactic acidosis
    • cadriovascular
  38. major goal for HIV
    prevention
  39. what is pre-exposure prophylasis
    • -hiv prevention
    • -when ppl at high risk take hiv meds daily to lower their chances of getting infected
  40. pre-exposure prophylasis meds
    combo of two meds tuvada(tenofovir and emtricitabine)

    daily use
  41. ways healthcare workers contract hiv
    • sticks
    • skin contact
    • splash in mucos membrane
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Author
ChelseaL
ID
342990
Card Set
HIV/AIDS(1247 exam 1)
Description
HIV/AIDS(1247 exam 1)
Updated

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