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HIV/AIDS(1247 exam 1)
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what is the most common mode of hiv transmission
unprotected sex
who is more prone to contracting hiv men or women
women
what is the most common work related mode of transmission
puncture wounds
how hiv infects
-hiv can not replicate unless inside a living cell
-cd4 is target cell
-enters cell and replicates
what is the normal function of t-cells
lymphocyte
immune
what happens when there is not enough t cells
the t cells produce antibodies that destroy infection. if there are not enough the infection prevails
what is the dif between hiv and aids
-aids is a criteria of hiv
-severely compromised immune system in pt with HIV
what is the time between hiv to aids
about 10 years
what is normal CD4 cell count
800-1200 cells/ul
AIDS criteria
-cd4 under 200
-specific opportunistic infection
-wasting syndrome(loss of 10% ideal body mass)
acute infection is within ____ after hiv infection
2-4 weeks
acute infection is often described as
the worst flu ever
acute infection s/s
flu like
fever
fatigue
sore throat
lymph
headache
diahreaa
rash
chronic infection s/s
asymptomatic
time of chronic infection
3weeks to 3months, could last for 10 years
when does oral hairy leukoplakia occor
during symptomatic infection
cd4 approaches 200
symptomatic phase s/s
-cd4 declines
-fever, night sweats, atigue
-thrush
-oral hairy leuko
-shingles
oral or genital herpes
karposi sarcoma
what are the two HIV tests
antibody
fourth generation
antibody tests
-used in hcp office or home
-saliva 20 min
-blod draw after positive antibody to confirm
-prick finger and mail blood to lab
forth generation
-detects antibody and antigen
-highly sensitive
-shortens window period to within 3 weeks
-
define window period
time during acute phase when false negatives are likely due to low antibody counts even when hiv counts are high
correctly identifying ___ phase is cruicial for preventing spread
acute
progression is monitored by
cd4
viral load
neutropenia
thrombocytopenia
anemia
levels if treatment is
not effective
effective
bellow 200-500
>800
what does viral load measure
active hiv specific rna
what corrolates strongly with the stage of the disease
viral load
what is the goal of hiv treatment
-decrase viral load
-increase cd4
-prevent s/s
-prevent opp disease
-delay progression
-prevent transmission
what is ART
-antiretroviral therapy
-can slow disease progression
-reduce viral load by 90-99%
disadvantages of ART
-complex
-SE
-does not work for everyone
-expensive
what is the action of meds
they all work by stopping viral replication at some point in the process
med side effects
depression
diarrhea
-periph neuro path
-pain
n/v
fatigue
what is happening during the asymptomatic phase
viral load is decreasing
cd4 still replicating
when should ART be started
ASAP
main point about ART
adherence to drug regieme
MDR
how do you measure effectiveness of ART
decrease in viral load
what do all hiv/aids drugs do?
decrease or stop replication
metabolic disorders of hiv/aids
lipodystrophy
hyperlipidemia
insulin resistance
bone disease
lactic acidosis
cadriovascular
major goal for HIV
prevention
what is pre-exposure prophylasis
-hiv prevention
-when ppl at high risk take hiv meds daily to lower their chances of getting infected
pre-exposure prophylasis meds
combo of two meds tuvada(tenofovir and emtricitabine)
daily use
ways healthcare workers contract hiv
sticks
skin contact
splash in mucos membrane
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Author
ChelseaL
ID
342990
Card Set
HIV/AIDS(1247 exam 1)
Description
HIV/AIDS(1247 exam 1)
Updated
2018-10-16T18:33:28Z
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