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How many bones make up the hand and wrist?
27
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How many bones make up the phalanges (fingers and thumb)?
14
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how many metacarpals are there?
5
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how many carpals are there?
8
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Name the 8 carpal bones?
- Proximal
- -Scaphoid (most frequently Fx)
- - Lunate (moon-shaped)
- - Triquetrum (pyramid shape)
- - Pisiform (smallest)
- Distal
- - Trapezium (4-sided, irregular shape)
- - Trapezoid (4-sided, wedge-shaped)
- - Capitate (largest)
- - Hamate (hook-like hamulus)
*(Steve Left The Party To Take Carol Home)*
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How many bones make up the forearm, and what are the names of them?
2, Radius and Ulna
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How many bones make up the shoulder girdle, and what are the names of them?
2, Clavicle and Scapula
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what nerve passes through the Carpal Sulcus (canal)?
median nerve
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The ________ is a ligament that attaches to the pisiform & hamulus of the hamate, as well as to the scaphoid & trapezium
flexor retinaculum
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_______ is a painful disorder that results from compression on the median nerve.
Carpal tunnel syndrome
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where are the Metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints?
Between heads of metacarpals & base of each proximal phalanx
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CMC Joints (Carpometacarpal joints)
- First MC with trapezium
- Second MC with trapezoid
- Third MC with capitate
- Fourth & fifth MC with hamate
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Distal end:
•Styloid process•Ulnar notch
Body (shaft)
Proximal end:
•Head & Neck•Radial tuberosity
Make up what bone?
the Radius
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Distal end:
•Styloid process•Head
Body (shaft)
Proximal end:
•Olecranon process•Coronoid process•Coronoid tubercle•Trochlear (semilunar) notch•Radial notch
Make up what bone?
the Ulna
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whats A?
Olecranon Process
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what's B?
Radial Notch of Ulna
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What's C?
Head of Radius
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What's D?
Neck of Radius
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What's E?
Radial Tuberosity
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What's F?
Styloid Process of Radius
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What's G?
Trochlear notch
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What's H?
Coronoid Process
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What's I?
Ulnar tuberosity
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What's J?
Ulnar Notch
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What's K?
Head of Ulna
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What's L?
Styloid Process
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This makes up the which part of what bone?
Proximal Ulna
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Body (shaft)
Distal end (part of elbow joint):
Humeral Condyle
Trochlea
•Trochlear sulcus
Capitulum
Epicondyles:
•Medial (“funny bone”) is larger
•Lateral is smaller
Coronoid fossa (anterior)
Radial fossa (anterior)
Olecranon fossa (posterior)
These make up the what?
Distal Humerus and Elbow
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The 3 attachments that make up the Elbow Joint?
- Humeroulnar joint
- •Trochlea & trochlear notch
- Humeroradial joint
- •Capitulum & radial head
- Proximal radioulnar joint
- •Head of radius & radial notch on proximal ulna
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Joint Classifications
All IP's (Interphalangeal) are?
Ginglymus (hinge)
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Joint Classifications
All MCP's (metacarpophalangeal) are?
Ellipsoidal (condyloid)
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Joint Classifications
1st CMC is?
Sellar (saddle)
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Joint Classifications
2-5 CMC & all IC joints are?
Plane (gliding)
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Joint Classifications
Radiocarpal joints are?
Ellipsoidal (condyloid)
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Joint Classifications
Proximal radioulnar are?
Trochoidal (pivot)
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Joint Classifications
Humeroulnar & humeroradial joints are?
Ginglymus (hinge)
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Joint Classifications
Distal radioulnar are?
Trochoidal (pivot)
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Small collections of closely packed cells located outside the synovial sac near certain joints?
Fat Pads (Stripes)
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Name the 3 concentric arches?
- Trochlea sulcus
- Outer ridges of trochlea & capitulum
- Trochlea notch
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The 3 routine and one special positions for the Thumb are?
- Routine -
- AP or PA
- PA oblique
- Lateral
- Special -
- AP Axial (Modified Roberts method)
- *Same positioning as AP
- *CR 15° proximal to first CMC joint
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Fingers (2-5) positioning?
- Routine:PA
- PA oblique
- Lateral
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Hand (positioning)
- Routine:PA
- PA oblique
- Lateral (Extension)
- Lateral (Fan)
- Special:AP oblique bilateral (Norgaard method)
- *Patient facing table with arms & hands extended
- *Hands partially supinated & internally rotated 45°
- *Sponges may be used to obtain correct oblique
- *Fingers extended, thumbs slightly abducted to obtain “ball catcher’s position”
- *CR to midpoint between both hands @ level of 5th MCP joints
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Wrist (positioning)
- Routine:
- PA
- PA oblique
- Lateral
- Special:Scaphoid views (PA, PA axial, PA modified Stecher method)
- - Same positioning as PA scaphoid (ulnar deviation) but with hand & palm elevated on 20° angle sponge
- - CR to scaphoid – ¾” distal & medial to radial styloid process
- Tangential inferosuperior carpal canal (Tunnel/Gaynor-Hart method)
- - Palm down with hand & wrist hyperextended (dorisflexed) as much as possible
- - Tape, a band, or the patient’s other hand can be used to get fingers as near vertical (90° to forearm) as possible
- - Rotate hand and wrist 10° toward radius
- - CR 25°-30° to hand – 1” distal to the base of the 3rd metacarpal
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Elbow (positioning)
- Routine:
- AP
- AP obliques
- Lateral
- Special:
- Axial lateral (Coyle methods)
- - For radial head:
- Same position as lateral elbow except hand pronated & CR 45° toward shoulder
- - For coronoid process:
- Same position as lateral except hand pronated, elbow flexed 80°, & CR 45° away from shoulder
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