chapter 36 patients with special challenges

Intellectual Disability:

which disability refers to insufficient development of the brain resulting in some level of dysfunction or impairment

Intellectual Disability:

which disability results in the inability to learn and socially adapt to a normal developmental rate

Intellectual Disability:

patients that are the following have a ____ impairment
-are slow to understand or limited vocabulary
-behave immaturely compared to peers

which disorder characterized by..
-severe behavioral problems
-repetitive motor activities
-may be hyper or hypo sensitive to sensory stimuli
-may show pain in unusual ways(humming, singing, removing clothing

which disorder is typically diagnosed at age 3

which disorder affect males four times more than females

a chromosomal defect that can occur during fetal development

Down Syndrome patients may have physical abnormalities
true/false
True False

as many as ___% of down syndrome patients may have heart conditions, hearing and visual problems

Down Syndrome:

why may intubation be difficult on Down Syndrome patients?

Down Syndrome:

which joint is unstable in about 15% of Down Syndrome patients?

Brain Injury:

patients with brain injury, you should find out what is considered normal for the patients
true/false
True False

what should you take with you for patients with visual impairments?

what kind of deafness is caused by nerve damage

what hearing loss is caused by faulty transmission of sound waves

when communicating with a patient with a hearing impairment how far should you position yourself?

changing to a lower tone in your voice may help with communicating with a patient with a hearing impairment
true/false
True False

what device amplifies the sound for patients with hearing impairments

hearing aids:

what hearing is contained in a plastic case that rest behind the ear

hearing aids:

what type of hearing aid is an older style used for profound hearing loss

hearing aids: 

what hearing contained in a plastic case that fits partly or completely inside the ear

hearing aids:

what hearing aid is contained in a shell that fits in the outer part of the ear

a group of disorders characterized by poorly controlled body movement

these are possible causes of what disorder?
-Result of damage to the developing fetal brain while in utero
-Oxygen deprivation at birth
-Traumatic brain injury at birth
-Infection such as meningitis during early childhood

a birth defect caused by incomplete closure of the spinal column

these are associated conditions of what?

–Hydrocephalus (requires shunt)
–Partial or full paralysis of the lower extremities
–Loss of bowel and bladder control
–Extreme latex allergy

Bariatric Patients:

someone who is __% over their ideal body weight is considered obese

Bariatric Patients:

severely obese patients are how many times over their body weight

what provides a path between the neck and the trachea

Tracheostomy Tubes are only permanent
true/false
True False

Tracheostomy Tubes are prone to obstruction
true/false
True False

what mnemonic help recognize obstructions in a Tracheostomy Tube

Tracheostomy Tubes:

the D in DOPE stands for

Tracheostomy Tubes:

the O in DOPE stands for

Tracheostomy Tubes: 

the P in DOPE stands for

Tracheostomy Tubes:

th E in DOPE stands for

what is used for patients who cannot breathe on their own

Mechanical Ventilators:

if ventilator fails what should you do

what is used for infants who

–Are premature and have severe gastroesophageal reflux
–Have family history of SIDS (sudden infant death syndrome)
–Experienced a life-threatening event

apnea monitors:

apnea monitors are used __ weeks to __ months to monitor the respiratory system

apnea monitors:

what will happen if the the infants experiences bradycardia ot apnea

apnea monitors:

apnea monitors also provide a oximetry reading
true/false
True False

Internal Cardiac Pacemakers:

where are pace makers implanted

Internal Cardiac Pacemakers:

what may be included in a pacemaker

what is implanted under the skin to regulate heart rate

what device take over control of either one or both heart ventricles

what device is worn under the patients clothes and monitors and defibrilates when patient is in cardia arrest

you should remove an External Defibrillator Vest before performing CPR on that patient
true/false
True False

device with its tip placed in the vena cava to provide venous access

this device is used for many types of home care patients receiving:
-Chemotherapy
-Long-term antibiotic drug therapy or pain management
-Total parenteral nutrition (TPN)
-Hemodialysis

what are the common locations of a Central Venous Catheter

what is placed into the stomach for patients who cannot ingest fluids, food or medication by mouth

Gastrostomy Tubes:

how are Gastrostomy Tubes placed on the patient

a tube that drains excess CSF

shunts are used for patients chronic neurologic conditions
true/fale
True False

Shunts:

what type of shunt drains excess fluid from the ventricles of the brain into the peritoneum of the abdomen

Shunts:

what type of shunt drains excess fluid from the ventricles of the brain into the right atrium of the heart

Vagus Nerve Stimulators:

Vagus Nerve Stimulators are implanted to prevent what?

these are characteristics of what?
-used to prevent seizures
-used in children older than 12yrs old
-about the size of a silver dollar
-placed under the skin

surgical procedure that creates an opening between the small or large intestine and the surface of the body

what allows for elimination of waste products into a clear, external bag or pouch

surgical procedure that connect the urinary system to the surface of the skin

most Hospice Care and Terminally Ill Patients have what kind of form or document with them