which disability refers to insufficient development of the brain resulting in some level of dysfunction or impairment
developmental disablility
-can include intelectual, hearing or vision impairments
Intellectual Disability:
which disability results in the inability to learn and socially adapt to a normal developmental rate
Intellectual Disability
Intellectual Disability:
patients that are the following have a ____ impairment
-are slow to understand or limited vocabulary
-behave immaturely compared to peers
slight impairment
which disorder characterized by..
-severe behavioral problems
-repetitive motor activities
-may be hyper or hypo sensitive to sensory stimuli
-may show pain in unusual ways(humming, singing, removing clothing
Autism Spectrum Disorder
which disorder is typically diagnosed at age 3
Autism Spectrum Disorder
which disorder affect males four times more than females
Autism Spectrum Disorder
a chromosomal defect that can occur during fetal development
down syndrome
Down Syndrome patients may have physical abnormalities
true/false
true
as many as ___% of down syndrome patients may have heart conditions, hearing and visual problems
40%
Down Syndrome:
why may intubation be difficult on Down Syndrome patients?
they may have enlarged tongues and small oral and nasal cavities
Down Syndrome:
which joint is unstable in about 15% of Down Syndrome patients?
atlantoaxial joint(where the first two veretebrae meet)
Brain Injury:
patients with brain injury, you should find out what is considered normal for the patients
true/false
true
what should you take with you for patients with visual impairments?
any mobility aids and or a service dog
what kind of deafness is caused by nerve damage
sensorineural deafness
what hearing loss is caused by faulty transmission of sound waves
conductive hearing loss
when communicating with a patient with a hearing impairment how far should you position yourself?
18 inches
changing to a lower tone in your voice may help with communicating with a patient with a hearing impairment
true/false
true
what device amplifies the sound for patients with hearing impairments
hearing aids
hearing aids:
what hearing is contained in a plastic case that rest behind the ear
behind the ear hearing aid
hearing aids:
what type of hearing aid is an older style used for profound hearing loss
conventional body style
hearing aids:
what hearing contained in a plastic case that fits partly or completely inside the ear
in the canal and completely in the canal type
hearing aids:
what hearing aid is contained in a shell that fits in the outer part of the ear
in ear type hearing aid
a group of disorders characterized by poorly controlled body movement
Cerebral Palsy
these are possible causes of what disorder?
-Result of damage to the developing fetal brain while in utero
-Oxygen deprivation at birth
-Traumatic brain injury at birth
-Infection such as meningitis during early childhood
Cerebral Palsy
a birth defect caused by incomplete closure of the spinal column
Spina Bifida
-can be fixed surgically but often leaves spinal damage
these are associated conditions of what?
–Hydrocephalus (requires shunt)
–Partial or full paralysis of the lower extremities
–Loss of bowel and bladder control
–Extreme latex allergy
Spina Bifida
Bariatric Patients:
someone who is __% over their ideal body weight is considered obese
30%
Bariatric Patients:
severely obese patients are how many times over their body weight
2-3times over
what provides a path between the neck and the trachea
Tracheostomy Tubes
Tracheostomy Tubes are only permanent
true/false
false
may be temporary or permanent
Tracheostomy Tubes are prone to obstruction
true/false
true
what mnemonic help recognize obstructions in a Tracheostomy Tube
what is used for patients who cannot breathe on their own
Mechanical Ventilators
Mechanical Ventilators:
if ventilator fails what should you do
apply a trachostomy collar if available or place face mask over stoma
what is used for infants who
–Are premature and have severe gastroesophageal reflux
–Have family history of SIDS (sudden infant death syndrome)
–Experienced a life-threatening event
apnea monitors
apnea monitors:
apnea monitors are used __ weeks to __ months to monitor the respiratory system
2weeks to 2 months
apnea monitors:
what will happen if the the infants experiences bradycardia ot apnea
an alarm will sound
apnea monitors:
apnea monitors also provide a oximetry reading
true/false
true
Internal Cardiac Pacemakers:
where are pace makers implanted
on the non dominate side of the patients chest
Internal Cardiac Pacemakers:
what may be included in a pacemaker
automated implanted defibrilator
what is implanted under the skin to regulate heart rate
Internal Cardiac Pacemakers
what device take over control of either one or both heart ventricles
Left Ventricular Assist Devices
what device is worn under the patients clothes and monitors and defibrilates when patient is in cardia arrest
External Defibrillator Vest
you should remove an External Defibrillator Vest before performing CPR on that patient
true/false
false
device with its tip placed in the vena cava to provide venous access
Central Venous Catheter
this device is used for many types of home care patients receiving:
-Chemotherapy
-Long-term antibiotic drug therapy or pain management
-Total parenteral nutrition (TPN)
-Hemodialysis
Central Venous Catheter
what are the common locations of a Central Venous Catheter
chest
upper arm
subclavicular area
what is placed into the stomach for patients who cannot ingest fluids, food or medication by mouth
Gastrostomy Tubes
Gastrostomy Tubes:
how are Gastrostomy Tubes placed on the patient
-tube placed thru the nose or mouth and goes to the stomach
-surgically thru the abdominal wall to the stomach
a tube that drains excess CSF
shunts
shunts are used for patients chronic neurologic conditions
true/fale
true
Shunts:
what type of shunt drains excess fluid from the ventricles of the brain into the peritoneum of the abdomen
ventricular peritoneum shunt
Shunts:
what type of shunt drains excess fluid from the ventricles of the brain into the right atrium of the heart
ventricular atrium shunt
Vagus Nerve Stimulators:
Vagus Nerve Stimulators are implanted to prevent what?
seizures
these are characteristics of what?
-used to prevent seizures
-used in children older than 12yrs old
-about the size of a silver dollar
-placed under the skin
Vagus Nerve Stimulators
surgical procedure that creates an opening between the small or large intestine and the surface of the body
colostomy/ ileostomy
what allows for elimination of waste products into a clear, external bag or pouch
colostomy/ileostomy/urostomy
surgical procedure that connect the urinary system to the surface of the skin
urostomy
most Hospice Care and Terminally Ill Patients have what kind of form or document with them
