A&P Exam 1 Chapter 1

The scientific discipline that investigates the body's structure

Scientific investigation of the function of living things. How bones change over time, grow, or response to injury?

Organization of the human body.

Organ system that provides protection, regulates temp, prevents water loss. Consists of hair, skin, nails, and sweat glands

Organ system that provides protection and support. Allows body movements, produces blood cells. Consists of bones, ligaments, and joints

Organ system that produces movements, maintains posture, and produces body heat. Consists of muscles attached to the skeleton by tendons.

Organ system that removes foreign substances from the blood and lymph, combats disease, maintains tissue and fluid balance. Immunity!

Organ system that exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide b/wn the blood and air and regulates blood pH.

Organ system that performs the mechanical and chemical processes of digestion, absorption of nutrients, and elimination of wastes. Consists of the mouth, esophagus, stomach, intestines

Organ system that is a major regulatory system that detects sensation and controls movements, physiological processes, and intellectual functions. Consists of brain, spinal cord, nerves, and sensory receptors

Organ system that is a major regulatory system that influences metabolism, growth, reproduction. Consists of pituitary glands that secrete hormones.

Organ system that transports nutrients, waste products, gases, and hormones throughout the body. Consists of heart, blood vessels, and blood

Organ system that removes waste products from the blood and regulates blood pH, ion balance, and water balance. Consists of kidneys, urinary bladder

Condition in which there are specific relationships and functions

all chemical reactions in the body

increase in size and/or # of cells

changes in an organism over time

change in an organism from general to specific

change in a organism in shape of tissues, organs

an organism making new cells or new organisms

It is the existence and maintenances of a relatively constant environment within the body

our ideal normal value

Any deviation from set point is made smaller or resisted

monitors the value of the variable of Negative Feedback

part of the brain that establishes the set point and communicates with receptors and effectors

something that can adjust the value of the variable toward set point, carries out the change

When a response to the original stimulus results in the deviation from the set point becoming even greater, amplifies changes in the body

Anatomical position- person standing erect with face directed forward, the upper limbs hanging to the sides, and the palms of the hands facing forward

-lying downward

A structure above another

A structure below another

Closer to the head than another structure

Closer to the tail than another structure

The front of the body

The back of the body

Toward the belly

Toward the back

Closer to the point of attachment to the body than another structure

Farther from the point of attachment to the body than another structure

Away from the midline of the body

Toward the midline of the body

Toward or ON the surface

AWAY from the surface, internal

Same side of the body

Opposite side of the body

Forehead

eye

nose

mouth

Neck

chest

breastbone

breast

thorax (includes pectoral, sternal, & mammary)

abdomen

navel

pelvis

groin

genital

region from the chest down to the genital

ear

cheek

chin

collarbone

armpit

arm

front of elbow

forearm

wrist

palm

fingers

hand

hip

thigh

kneecap

leg

ankle

top of foot

toes

whole foot

all of the arm

all of the leg

Base of skull

base of neck

shoulder blade

spinal column

loin

whole back

between the hips

perineum

skull

point of shoulder

point of elbow

back of hand

hollow behind knee

calf

sole of foot

heel

1?

3?

2?

4?

5?

6?

7?

8?

9?

Planes of the body: (through the midline)

Planes of the body: (same plane, but to the left or right of median

2 words that describe dividing body into anterior and posterior sections

Cross divides body into superior and inferior sections

Planes of the body:  Other than at a right angle

Planes through an organ: cut along the length of an organ

Planes through an organ: cut at right angle to length of the organ

Planes through an organ: cut at any but a right angle

What divides body cavity into thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities?

What contains all structures of the thoracic cavity except the lungs?

What cover the organs of trunk cavities and line the cavity?

The thoracic cavity contains three serous membrane–lined cavities?

The cavity for the heart is called?

The cavities for the lungs are called?

The part of the cavity that is touching the organ (or the inner balloon wall)?

The part of the cavity that is not touching the organ ( or the outer balloon wall)?