chapter 9 patient assessment

patient assessment:

a _____ is a subjective condition the patient feels and tells you about

patient assessment:

a _____ is an objective condition you can observe or measure about the patient

patient assessment:

treatment EMTs provide is based on ____, not exact diagnosis

patient assessment:


the patient assessment is the ____ upon which all levels of EMT education are built and is the starting point for all patient care

scene size-up:

____ refers to your evaluation of the conditions in which you will be operating

scene size-up:

_____ is paying attention to the conditions and people around you at all times and the potential risk those conditions or people pose

scene size-up:

what is the first thing to consider, but does not end as providers move thru the assessment process

scene size-up:Snnac

issues that appear to be safe can become unsafe
true/false
True False

scene size-up:Snnac

if scene is not safe you should do what you can to make it safe or call for _____

scene size-up:Snnac

when responding to a traffic scene you should wear a ______

scene size-up:Snnac

any action you take to protect yourself should also be considered for the patient

true/false
True False

scene size-up:Snnac

if possible you should help protect ____
from becoming patients aswell

scene size-up:sNnac

_____ is the result of physical forces applied to the outside of the body, usually from an object striking the body or the body striking an object

scene size-up:sNnac

with ____ trauma, the force of the injury occurs over a broad area and the skin is sometimes not broken

scene size-up:sNnac

with ____ trauma the force of the injury at a specific point of contact between the skin and the object
-it is often a open wound with high potential for infection

scene size-up:sNnac

for medical patients determine the _____ ____ ____

scene size-up:sNnac

to determine the nature of illness(NOI) ____ with a the patient, family and bystanders

scene size-up:sNnac

scenes with multiple patients who exhibit similar signs and symptoms could indicate a ____ scene for you and your partner

standard precautions:

clothing or specialized equipment that provide protection to the wearer

standard precautions:

standard precautions should be taken before ____ contact

standard precautions:

if patients condition warrants higher level of PPE providers should _____

scene size-up:snNac

determining ____ of patients is critical knowing if you need additional resources

scene size-up:snNac

when there are multiple patients you should use the ____ ______ system, identify the number of patients and then begin triage

scene size-up:snNac

____ is a flexible system implemented to manage a variety of emergency scenes

scene size-up:snNac

_____ is the process of sorting patients based on the severity of each patients condition

scene size-up:snnAc

consider _____ resources

scene size-up:snnAc

ask you self these question to determine if you need____

-Does the scene pose a threat to you, your patient, or others?
-How many patients are there?
-Do we have the resources to respond to their conditions?

primary assessment: 

goal of the primary assessment to to identify and begin treatment of ______

primary assessment: Gac abc

first part of you primary assessment is to form a _____ ______

primary assessment: Gac abc

make sure the patient _____ you coming

primary assessment: Gac abc

determine if the patients condition is 
-____
-____
-____

primary assessment: gAc abc

determine if your patient is 
-_____
-conscious with an ____ LOC
-conscious with an _______LOC

primary assessment: gAc abc

if patient is unconscious you should first assess their____

primary assessment: gAc abc

to assess for responsiveness use the mnemonic_____

primary assessment: gAc abc

_____ tests the mental status by checking a patients memory and thinking ability

primary assessment: gAc abc

if a patient can answer the orientation questions they are said to be

primary assessment: gAc abc

if the patient cant answer all the orientation question they are considered to have an ____ mental status

primary assessment: gac ABC

identifying and correcting life threatening issues begins with the ____ followed by ____ and _____

primary assessment: gac ABC

when patient is in cardiac arrest, what should be done simultaneously to minimize the time to first compression

primary assessment: gac ABC

when should you start with circulation instead of airway

primary assessment: gac Abc

when assessing the patients airway stay alert for ____

primary assessment: gac Abc

to prevent permanent disability to your patient, ensure that the ____ remains open(patent)

primary assessment: gac Abc

a patient who is unresponsive or has decreased LOC, immediately asses the patency of the_____

primary assessment: gac Abc

use the jaw-thrust maneuver to open the airway when______

primary assessment: gac Abc

if the jaw thrust doesnt work you should use the ____

primary assessment: gac Abc

these are examples of an _____ in an airway
-Obvious trauma, blood, or other obstruction
-Noisy breathing, such as snoring, bubbling, gurgling, crowing, stridor, or other abnormal sounds
-Extremely shallow or absent breathing

primary assessment: gac aBc

you should ask yourself these question when assessing _____
-is the patient breathing?
-is the patient breathing adequately?
-is the patient hypoxic?

primary assessment: gac aBc

if breathing adequately but remains hypoxic administer _____

primary assessment: gac aBc

the goal of oxygenation is to have an oxygen saturation of ____% to ___ %

primary assessment: gac aBc

use positive pressure ventilation with respirations exceeding __ breaths/min or fewer than __ breaths/min

primary assessment: gac aBc

_____ occurs when the blood is inadequately oxygenated or ventilation is inadequate to meet the oxygen demands of the body

primary assessment: gac abC

______ is assessed by evaluating the patients mental status,pulse, and skin condition

primary assessment: gac abC

in responsive patients older than 1 year old you should palpate the ____ pulse

primary assessment: gac abC

in unresponsive patients older than 1 year old you should palpate the ___ pulse

primary assessment: gac abC

in patients under 1 year old you should palpate the ____ pulse

primary assessment: gac abC

if you cannot palpate a pulse you should begin____ and prepare an ____

primary assessment: gac abC

if a patient has a pulse but is not breathing provide _____ at a rate of ___-____breaths/min for adults and ___-___breaths/min for children

primary assessment: gac abC

skin condition is assessed by evaluating the _____

primary assessment: gac abC

poor ____ will cause the skin to appear pale,white, ashen, gray

primary assessment: gac abC

when blood is not properly saturated with oxygen it appears _____

primary assessment: gac abC

____ may cause the skin to be abnormally flushed or red

primary assessment: gac abC

normal skin temp. is ____

primary assessment: gac abC

capillary refil should not take longer than __ secs

primary assessment: gac abC

bleeding from a vein is characterized by a ____ of blood

primary assessment: gac abC

bleeding from an artery is characterized by a ____ if blood

primary assessment: gac abC

check for bleeding by _____ from head to toe, pausing periodically checking your ___ for blood

primary assessment: gac abC

when controlling bleeding apply pressure, if that is unsuccessful apply a ____

a rapid scan should take ___ to ___ secs to perfom

a rapid scan is systematic and focused
true/false
True False

a rapid scan is performed to identify _____

primary assessment: snnaC

if spinal injury is suspected

primary assessment: gaC abc

____ is the main reason why the patient called you

a ____ decision should be made after the completion of your primary assessment

these factors determine if you should _____
-patients condition
-availability of advanced care
-distance of transport
-local protocols

secondary assessment:

_____ provides details about the the chief complaint and the patients signs and symptoms

secondary assessment:

if patient is unresponsive you can obtain info from his/her _____

secondary assessment:Opqrst

what is "onset" in the secondary assessment

secondary assessment:oPqrst

what is "provocation/ palliation" in the secondary assessment

secondary assessment:opQrst

what is "Quality" in the secondary assessment

secondary assessment:opqRst

what is "radiation" in the secondary assessment

secondary assessment:opqrSt

what is "severity" in the secondary assessment

secondary assessment:opqrsT

what is "time" in the secondary assessment

secondary assessment:opqrst

______ are negatives that warrant no care or intervention

secondary assessment: SAMPLE

complaints that cannot be felt or observed by others

secondary assessment: SAMPLE

conditions that can be seen,heard,felt,smelled, or measured by you or others

secondary assessment: Sample

the "S" in SAMPLE  means

secondary assessment: Sample

the "A" in SAMPLE  means

secondary assessment: Sample

the "M" in SAMPLE  means

secondary assessment: Sample

the "P" in SAMPLE  means

secondary assessment: Sample

the "L" in SAMPLE  means

secondary assessment: Sample

the "E" in SAMPLE  means

critical thinking:

seeking facts to help your clinical decision making and scene management

critical thinking:

considering what the info gathered means

critical thinking:

putting together the information that you have gathered and making a plan to manage the scene

you should consider all female patients with child bearing capacity and lower abdomen pain to be pregnant unless ruled out by other info
true/false
True False

alcohol dulls a patients sense, which makes it difficult for the to inform you if something feel painful
true/false
True False

the most effective treatment in handling a patient with depression is to be a ______

you can use a ____ as a hearing aid for the patient

secondary assessment:

purpose of the secondary assessment is to is to perform a

secondary assessment:

secondary assessments must be performed enroute to the hospital
true/false
True False

secondary assessment: physical examination

inspection refers to _____

secondary assessment: physical examination

palpation refers to

secondary assessment: physical examination

auscultation refers to

secondary assessment: dcap-btls

goal is to identify _______ that may not have been found during the primary assessment

secondary assessment: dcap-btls

focused assessments are performed on patients who have sustained _____ MOI or on responsive medical patients

respiratory system:

normal respirator rate is ___ to ___ breaths/min

respiratory system:

breath rate in children is faster than adults
true/false
True False

respiratory system: assessment

determine respirator rate by counting number of breaths in a ___ period and multiplying by ___

respiratory system: assessment

chest the patients chest for signs of

respiratory system: assessment

look for signs of airway

respiratory system: assessment

check chest for overall

respiratory system: assessment

____ carefully to the breathing, checking for abnormalities

respiratory system: assessment

check for equal chest ____ and ___

respiratory system: assessment

normal breathing is not silent
true/false
True False

respiratory system: assessment

_____ and _____ sounds suggest an obstruction or narrowing in the lower airways

respiratory system: assessment

wet,crackling may indicate fluid in the lungs.

respiratory system: assessment

congested breath sounds may suggest the presence of mucus in the lungs

respiratory system: assessment

often heard before listen with a stethoscope and may indicate that the patient has an airway obstruction in the neck or upper part of the chest

cardiovascular system: assessment

check chest for

cardiovascular system: assessment

check pulse for _____, _____ and ____

cardiovascular system: assessment

check distal pulse for equal _____

cardiovascular system: assessment

normal heart rate of an adult is ___ to ___ beats/min

cardiovascular system: assessment
older patients could be as much as ____beats/min

cardiovascular system: assessment

children generally have a ___ than adults do

cardiovascular system: assessment

you should count number of pulses felt in a ___ period then multiply by ___

cardiovascular system: assessment

a heart rate of less than ___beats/min is described as bradycardia

cardiovascular system: assessment 

normal pulse quality is described as

cardiovascular system: assessment

pulse quality stronger than normal is described as

cardiovascular system: assessment

pulse quality that is weak is described as

cardiovascular system: assessment

a regular heart rhythm should beat with even and constant intervals 
true/false
True False

cardiovascular system: assessment

decreased blood pressure is a late indication of ___

cardiovascular system: assessment

normal blood pressure for adults is

cardiovascular system: assessment

normal blood pressure in teens is

cardiovascular system: assessment

normal blood pressure in kids is

neurologic system: assessment

evaluate ____ and orientation

neurologic system: assessment

use ____ if appropriate to determine patients mental status

pupils: assessment

normally pupils are ____ in size

pupils: assessment

the ___ and ____ to light of  the patients pupil can indicate the status of the brain

pupils: assessment

anisocoria is when someone has

pupils: assessment

you should assume altered brain function if pupil dont react in a normal manner
true/false
True False

pupils: assessment

the mnemonic PEARRL should be used when assessing pupils, what does PEARRL stand for

neurovascular status:assessment

check for ___ muscle strength and weakness

ears: assessment 

check for ___

nose: assessment

check for __

abdomen: assessment

check for tenderness, rigidity, and

pelvis: assessment

check for ____ and any obvious signs of injury, bleeding,deformity

pelvis: assessment

check for movement or ____

pulse oximetry is used to evaluate

capnography provides info on the patients____

blood glucometry measures the patients

sphygmomanometer  (blood pressure cuff) is used to measure the patients

reassessment:

purpose of reassessment is to monitor ____

reassessment:

consist of repeating the

reassessment:

after repeating the primary assessment reassess

reassessment:

compare new vitals with

reassessment:

reassess the ___ complaint

reassessment:

recheck all _____

DCAP-BTLS:

the D in the mnemonic means:

DCAP-BTLS:

the C in the mnemonic means:

DCAP-BTLS:

the A in the mnemonic means:

DCAP-BTLS:

the P in the mnemonic means:

DCAP-BTLS:

the B in the mnemonic means:

DCAP-BTLS:

the T in the mnemonic means:

DCAP-BTLS:

the L in the mnemonic means:

DCAP-BTLS:

the S in the mnemonic means:

VOMIT:

the V in the mnemonic means:

VOMIT:

the O in the mnemonic means:

VOMIT:

the M in the mnemonic means:

VOMIT:

the I in the mnemonic means:

VOMIT:

the T in the mnemonic means: