-
active exercise
isotonic exercise
-
ankylosis
immobilization of a joint
-
contractures
muscles, tendons→deformities.
-
exercise DEFINITION
- 1) Physical activity
- 2) Active exertion
-
Exercise types
- 1) Passive
- 2) Active
- 3) ROM
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flaccidity
decreased tone
-
footdrop
- heel-toe gait
- deformed planter muscle
-
isokinetic exercise
- muscle shortening
- resistance
- ex: weights
-
isometric exercise
- w/o muscle shortening
- w/o movement
- ex: yoga
- sitting upright
-
isotonic exercise
- muscle shortening
- active exercise
- ex: jogging
-
ligaments
bones to cartilage
-
negative nitrogen balance
breakdown of protein --> muscle wasting
-
-
passive exercise
manual means of moving the joint
-
patient care ergonomics
correction of locomotion
-
range of motion
passive vs active
-
spasticity
increased tone
-
-
tonus
state of contraction
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FACTORS FOR FALLS
- Age >65
- History of falls
- Impaired vision
- Altered gait
- Impaired mobility
- Medication regimen
- Postural hypotension
- Slowed reaction time
- Disorientation
- Unfamiliar environment
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DAME for fall prevention
- drugs/alcohol
- age-related health problems
- medical problems
- environment
-
concussion assessment
PECS
- PHYSICAL
- EMOTIONAL
- COGNITIVE
- SLEEP
-
Physical
CONCUSSION ASSESSMENT
- headache
- vomiting
- appears stunned
-
Cognitive
CONCUSSION ASSESSMENT
impaired recent memory
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Emotional
CONCUSSION ASSESSMENT
irritable behavior
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Sleep
CONCUSSION ASSESSMENT
Insomnia
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Restraints
ASSESSMENT
IMPLEMENTATION
- ASSESSMENT:
- 1) To avoid harm to the client.
- 2) To do what is required
- IMPLEMENTATION
- 1) Order compliance q24hours
- 2) assessed q1hour
- 3) req'd supervision
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Postictal state
- altered state of consciousness
- follow seizure protocol
-
Reporting Accidents.
Is not part of the medical record and should not be mentioned in documentation.
-
RACE FIRE SAFETY
- R rescue
- A activate
- C confine
- E evacuate
-
seizure
IMPLEMENTATION
- Protection: protect head
- Recovery: SIMS
-
postural hypotension
orthostatic hypotension
-
The 6 ADLs
- 1) eating
- 2) bathing
- 3) dressing
- 4) transferring (bed to chair)
- 5) toileting
- 6) walking/moving around
-
The 4 elements of movement
BCPP
- 1) posture
- 2) balance
- 3) coordination
- 4) postural reflexes
-
4 types of postural reflexes
- 1) inner ear
- 2) proprioception
- 3) ocular
- 4) extensor (knee buckle)
-
Age-Related Changes
MOBILITY
BBJGM
- MUSCLES
- BONES
- JOINTS
- BALANCE
- GAIT
-
muti level effects
MOBILITY
DMOTS
- depression
- medication
- OOB
- TES, SCDs
-
nursing process for fall risk
ADPIE
- ASSESSMENT: focus-assessment
- person + environment = risk factors
- Dx: risk for falls
- risk for injury
- impaired physical mobility
- impaired walking, standing, transfer ability
- PLANNING: Pt will remain injury free
- IMPLEMENTATION: Rn will ID environmental risk factors
- will follow safety protocols
- will evaluate the client's current disorders/conditions
-
cardiovascular IMMOBILITY
- risk for: orthostatic hypotension
- venous thrombosis
-
respiratory IMMOBILITY
risk for: oropharyngeal respiratory secretions
-
GU IMMOBILITY
- risk for: UTI
- kidney stones
-
skin IMMOBILITY
- risk for: skin breakdown
- pressure ulcers
-
GI IMMOBILITY
risk for: Nitrogen imbalance
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Neuro IMMOBILITY
risk for: impaired cognition
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Fowler’s Position
- *the semi-sitting position
- ◦(45-60°) eating, talking, elimination
- ◦(90°) -Orthopneic Position
-
Orthopneic position
- shortness of breath (dyspnea) that occurs when lying flat
- Tx: 90 * Fowlers Position
-
supine/dorsal recumbent
- Tx: impaired lower extremity circulation
- knee contracture
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Lateral/Side-Lying Position
- Oblique position
- less pressure on trochanter region
- Sims position
- *rescue position
- Tx: seizure protocol
-
prone position
- Tx: prevents contractures
- in hips knees
- spinal injury
-
ligaments vs tendons
bone to cartilage vs muscle to bone
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