Which of the following is an important consideration in a patient's self administration of insulin
Administration sites should be rotated with each injection
Corticosteroid therapy is considered curative
False
Rapid acting insulins
Onset in 10-30 minutes and peak and 1-2 hours, last 3-8 hours
Which of the following is a microvascular complication of diabetes
Retinopathy
The hormones secreted by the pituitary gland include
ACTH
Rejection of transplanted organs may be prevented by the use of
Corticosteroids
Intermediate acting insulin
Onset in 1-3 hours and peak in 6-12 hours, last 18-24 hours
Side effects of thyroid agents may include
Cardiac arrhythmia, insomnia, excessive sweating, and menstrual irregularities
The biguanides work by
Decreasing hepatic glucose output and enhancing insulin sensitivity in the muscles
Incretin therapies are a first-line option in the treatment of type 1 diabetes
False
The hormones secreted by the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas include
Insulin
Long-acting insulins
Onset in 1-2 hours, dont peak, and last up to 24 hours
All types of insulins may be administered intravenously in an emergency
False
Short-acting insulins
Onset in 1/2 to 1 hour and peak in 1-5 hours, last 6-10 hours
The sulfonylureas work by
Increasing insulin production and by improving peripheral insulin activity
Incretin therapy is indicated in type 2 diabetics who have not achieved glycemic control on metformin, sulfonylureas, or both
True
Female sex hormones produced by the ovary and the adrenal glands are called
Estrogens
Side effects of estrogens include
Increased risk of thromboembolic disorders, migraine headaches and depression
The side effects of oxytocin include
Severe hypotension, tachycardia and arrhythmia and postpartum hemorrhage
Backup contraception should be used for the first 2 weeks after starting Depo-Provera.
True
The hormone that works in conjunction with FSH to induce secretion of estrogen, ovulation, and development of corpus luteum is
Luteinizing hormone (LH)
Which of the following comments is not true regarding estrogen therapy?
Combination therapy with estrogen and progestin increases the risk of endometrial carcinoma
Which statement indicates adequate patient education has taken place?
I will use an alternative form of birth control while taking my antibiotic.
Hormone therapies are still the most effective therapies and are appropriate for relief moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms encountered in menopause.
True
Estrogen therapy should be used to prevent thromboembolic disorders and stroke in postmenopausal women.
False
Side effects of progestins include
Menstrual irregularity and amenorrhea, vision disorders, and possible decrease in bone density with prolonged use
Plan B is available as an over the counter medication without proof of age.
True
Magnesium sulfate is used to treat or prevent seizures in preeclampsia or eclampsia.
True
Progestin-only contraceptives are contraindicated in lactating women.
False
Hormone secreted by the corpus luteum and adrenal glands are
Progesterones
Progestins are used for which of the following
Treatment of amenorrhea and abdominal uterine bleeding and adjunctive and palliative therapy for advanced and metastatic endometrial or breast cancer
Oxytocin is used for
Induction of labor with at-term or near-term pregnancies
Warfarin is the anticoagulant of choice because it has so few interactions with other medications
False
Which comment made by a patient taking coronary vasodilators (Nitrates) indicates the need for additional teaching?
I will notify the doctor if I get a headache because it could be dangerous.
Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors lower blood pressure by
Decreasing vasoconstriction
A variety of drugs that act in different ways to suppress various types of cardiac arrhythmias are called
Antiarrhythmic agents
Protamine is used to completely reverse the activity of LMWHs.
False
Diuretics are first-line therapy for treatment of hypertension, either alone or in combination with another antihypertension agent.
True
Warfarin and heparin are useful in dissolving blood clots to prevent embolization.
False
Which of the following comments made by a patient taking digitalis indicates further follow up teaching is indicated?
I should use an over the counter antacid to treat stomach irritation while taking my medication.
Niacin should be discontinued immediately if the patient complains of skin flushing because this indicates a serious allergic reaction.
False
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) work by
Inhibiting the enzyme needed for cholesterol syntheses
Adenosine is equally effective to diltiazem or verapamil in converting PSVT.
True
Side effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors include
Rash, photosensitivity, blood dyscrasias, severe hypotension, cough, or nasal congestion
Local anesthetics produce antiarrhythmic action by
Stabilizing membranes
Bile acid sequestrants achieve efficacy by which mechanism of action?
Binding with bile acids in the intestine, which reduces the total body cholesterol
Cholesterol absorption inhibitors work by
Inhibiting intestinal absorption of both dietary and biliary cholesterol, blocking its transport in the small intestine
To be considered for use in stroke, Alteplase must be given within 3 hours of onset of stroke symptoms
True
Which of the following is not a potential side effect of Amiodarone?
