-
Name an ACE inhibitor
what is it for
how to take
contraindications
adverse effects
Captopril ( -pril)
- For hypertension, CHF, Post MI
- PO with food
- Not for...
- -pregnant
- -hyperkalemia ( avoid high K+, salt sub)
- -black people
AE: angioedema ( lips, eyes) ,cough, dizzy
- Dont stop abruptly
- Iron makes it go down, digoxin, and lithium increase
-
ARB
Whats it for
contraindications
AE
Losartan (sartans)
For Hypertension, CH, DM neuropathy
- PO with food
- Not for black people, pregnant
AE: angioedema, hypot, dizzy, heartburn, diarrhea
-
Ca+ channel blocker
Whats it for
How to give
contraindications
AE
Amlodipine ( -pine)
For Hypertension, CAD, A fib, 1st for black people
- PO, IV
- Not for systolic heart fail
AE: peripheral edema, headache, dizzy
other: dilitazem, verapamil, nifedipin ( crisis)
-
Alpha 1- adrenergic receptor blockers
whats it for
contraindications
Doxazosin ( zosin)
- For HTN give at bed time ( 1st dose phenom)
- AE: ortho, dizzy, syncope
- Na+, fluid retent--> monitor weight
-
Alpha 2
whats it for
how to give
- Clonidine
- For HTN
- PO/transdermal patch - rotate sites dont cut
- - first dose phenom
-
Beta adrenergic blocker
How to give
whos it not for
Adverse effects
Metroproplol ( lol)
- PO, IVP, IV gtt
- Best for 50+ w tachy, HTN, MI
- Not for asthma, smaller doses in asians
- AE: bronchospasm, bradycardia
-
Beta 1 adrenic agonist ( name 3)
- whats it for
- how to give
-AE
Norepinephrine: IV gtt severe hypotension
- Epinephrine: IVP- MI
- IV gtt-shock
- Topical- decongest
- IM: anaphylaxis
- For asystole, PEA
- Dopamine: IV gtt ( low dose enhance renal)
All not for : hypertension, hyperthyroid, narrow angle gluacoma
IV check: extravasation, peripheral ischemia, liver, renal
AE: restless, htn, palpitation, blurred vison
-
Class 1 : Sodium channel block
Name 3
what to avoid
- 1a: Quinidine
- - Reduces automaticity, slows conduction, and prolongs refractory
- - take it with food ( gi)
- 1b: Lidocaine
- -IVgtt for post card surg, cath, digital v dysr
- 1c: Flecainide
- -not for recent MI
Avoid OTC cold/allergy, appetite supp, antisleep
NOT for heart block, mysathenia gravis
-
Name Class 2 Beta-adrenergic blocker
whats it for
adverse
Propranolol (lol) , metroprolol
Afib, tach, after MI, CHF
- has 1st pass effect, masks hypoglycemia
- dont give to brady, asthma, or stop abruptly
-
III Potassium channel blocker
-name
- when to use
- whats it not for
Amiodarone
- for life-threatening dysrhythmia
- no pulse: 300, pulse: 150
- not for heart block/ thyroid
- routine chest x ray
-
IV Ca+ channel block
name
for
not for
Diltiazem , verapamil
- Only for SVT, afib/aflutter
- Not for kids
- digoxin toxicity makes it worse
-
Nitroglycerin
whats it for
what to be aware of ( tablet, ointment)
what not to take it with
For Angina
- Tablet: slowly dissolve 3-5hr
- Ointment: cover area w plastic/tape after
- Can cause hypotension
- No sildenafil, vardenfil ( eretile dysfu), no phenothiazine
-
Cardiac glycoside
name
what for
serum level
adverse
Digoxin
- For afib, aflutter, chr
- 0.5-2mg/ml , levels drawn 6hr after
- antidote: digibind
can cause: hypokalemia, limit Na
brady, yellow, green, purple halo
-
Human B type natriuretic peptide
name
whats it for
adverse
- Acute heart failure
- check BNP
- 74+ : 125, younger than 74: 450+
- Critical care administers, hemodyn monitor
SOB, numb, ting,
-
Phosphodiesterase inhibitor
name
for
reacts with
Mirinone
- critical care nurse, IV drip
- short term hf that doesnt respond to digoxin
creatine clearance observes dose
-
K+ wasting loop diuretic
name
adverse
Furosemide : PE, ascites
not for sulfo allergy
restrict Na, K+
ear ringing
-
Thiazide
name
not for
food
Hydrochlorothiazide
- HTN 1st
- Not for sulfo allergy
- hold before surgery
less na, take K+, photosen
-
K+ Sparing
name
what for
bad with
- Aldosterone
- HF, ascites
- no K+, or salt
bad with digoxin, lithium
-
Heparin
whats it for
what to check
reduces effects
Prevents DVT, PE
- Give IV, SubQ dose based on aPTT ( 45-70 sec)
- - Get aPTT 1 hr before dose
Antidote: protamine sulfate
effects go down: nicotine, nitroglycerine, antihistamine, digoxin
-
Vit K anticoagulant
what to base dose on
antidote
- Warfarin
- dose based on PT/ INR
- - pt: 18 sec - INR: 2-3
- - hold med INR 3+
- Antidote vit k+
- avoid walking barefoot
-
Dabigatran
class
whats it for
- Direct thrombin inhibitor
- stroke prevention ( prevent thrombus, afib )
- less risk of thrombocytopenia
Bivalirudin: critical care IV, dabigatron PO ( not good w antacid, statin, proton pump inhib)
- no coag monitor
-
Rivaroxaban
class
- Direct factor XAinhibit
- for CVA, Afib
- no antidote,, not removed w dialysis
- no coagu monitoring
-
Anti-platelets
name some
- how to give
-what to be aware of
- Clopidogrel
- other... prasugrel, ticagrelor, aspirin, cilostazol
- MI, Stoke, prevent w atherosclerosis post stent
- PO dual antiplatelet post PCI, PTA
clopidogrel: loading dose
- need to be help 5-7 days before surgery
AE: rash, TTP
-
Thrombolytic
whens it used
-what must be ruled out
- what to check
Alteplase
- 1st in stroke lysis
- must rule out cerebral hemm, only critical care
- check INR, aPTT, check levels 2-3 hrs post
-
Name a statin
ae
atorvastatin
ae: myopathy
take at night, routine leaflets
-
Cholestyramine
class
how to give
what it interacts with
Bile acid sequest.
- lowers LDL ( powder), added with statin, niacin
- decrease fat sol vit
- mix with fluid
dont take any other drugs 1hr before, 4-6hr post
dental hygiene
-
Fenofibrate
whats it good for
be aware of
- lowers serum triglyc
- good for low HDL
- need to lower warfarin dose
- dont take with statin
-
Alirocumbab, evolocumab
whats it good for
ae
for people with a family hist of high cholest
ae: nasopharyngitis, inject pain
-
Epotein alpha
whats it for
when not to give
ae
- Erythrocyte hematopoeitic
- makes rbc , hmg, hct
dont give if hemoglobin 12+ ( check 2x week)
Iron needs to be normal
- AE: DVT, HTN
- Dont shake vial
-
Filgrastim
how to give
ae
Granulocyte colony stim
- Dont shake
- wait 24 hr after chemo
- take wit acetaminophen
not for kids
flu symp, bone pain
-
Interferon alfa, beta gamma
what does it do
what to be aware of
- suppress cancer growth
- dont shake
- kids, 3x week
bc 6 months post
-
Aldesleukin
whats it for
adverse
- metostatic kidn, melanomas
- norm heart and lung
ae: capillary leak
-
Mycophendate mofetil
whens it for
how to give
ae
after org transplant
give on empty stomach, use gloves
ae: fever, sore thraot ( avoid mucus mem)
-
Antirejection drug Cyclosporin
what not to give
- no live vaccine
- prevents drug rejections
- dose is by weight
-
Antiestrogen
whens it for
how long to take
-
Gonadotropin rel agonist
Leuprolide acetate
prostate
|
|
