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what is the main rotor diameter of an r22
25 feet 2 inches
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what is the diameter of the tail rotor on an r22
3 feet 6 inches
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what is the drive system of an r22
2 double vee-belts
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what is the power plant of an r22
four cylinder, horizontally opposed, direct drive, air cooled, carbureted, normally aspirated
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what engine is in the r22 beta 2 and how much power does it make
0-360-J2A, 145 BHP @ 2700 rpm
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what is the max continuous power rating in an r22
124 BHP at 2652 rpm
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what is the five minute take off rating for the beta 2
131 BHP at 2652 rpm
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what cooling system does the r22 have
direct drive squirrel cage blower
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what are the airspeed limits of the r22 Vne
up to 3000 feet density altitude: 102 KIAS
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what are the power on max and min rotor speed limits of the r22
max 104% min 101 %
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what are the power off max and min rotor speed limits on the r22
max 110% min 90%
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what is the min oil quantity for takeoff in an r22
4qts
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what is the max gross weight of an r22
1370 lbs
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what is the min gross weight of an r22
920 lbs
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what is the max per seat in an r22 including baggage
240 lbs
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what is the max in each baggage compartment in the r22
50 lbs
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what is the minimum solo pilot plus baggage weight in in the r22
135 lbs
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what is prohibited in the r22
acrobatic flight, low g pushovers, flight with the gov set to off( with exceptions for in flight system malfunctions or EP training), and flight into known icing conditions
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what is the max operating density altitude in the r22
14,000 feet
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what must be operational for dispatching the r22
- GOAL
- Governor
- OAT gauge (outside air temp)
- Alternator
- Low rotor rpm warning system
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what is the minimum crew for an r22
one pilot from the right seat only, left seatbelt must always be buckled
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is VFR Night approved, explain
only when landing, navigation, instrument,and anti collision lights are operational. orientation must be maintained by visual reference to ground objects illuminated by lights on the ground or adequate celestial illumination
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what are the approved fuel grades for the r22 beta 2
- 91/96
- 100LL
- 100/130 grade aviation fuel
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what is the fuel capacity for tanks with bladders
- main 18.3
- aux 9.7
- combined 28.0
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what is the usable fuel capacity for tanks with bladders
- main 16.9
- aux 9.4
- combined 26.3
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what is the manifold pressure redline on the r22
24.1 inhg
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what are the limitations to a pilot who has less than 200 hours in helicopters and 50 of those hours were in an r22
- no flights in wind above 25 knots
- no flights when wind gust spreads exceed 15 knots
- no continued flight into moderate, severe, or extreme turbulence
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if a pilot with less than 200 hours in helicopters and 50 were not in an r22 what do you do if you inadvertently encounter moderate, severe, or extreme turbulence
adjust forward airspeed to 60 KIAS and .7 Vne but no lower than 57 KIAS
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what does moderate turbulence cause in an r22
changes in altitude or attitude, variations in indicated airspeed, and aircraft occupants feel definite strains against seat belts
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define land immediately
land on the nearest clear area where a safe normal landing can be performed. be prepared to enter autorotation during approach, if required
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define land as soon as practical
landing site is at pilots discretion based on nature of problem and available landing areas. flight beyond nearest airport is not recommended
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an engine failure my be indicated by____
a change in engine noise level, nose left yaw, an oil pressure light, or decreasing engine rpm
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a drive system failure may be indicated by ____
an unusual noise or vibrations, nose right or left yaw, or decreasing rotor rpm while engine rpm is increasing
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in case of a power failure, immediately ____
lower collective to enter autorotation
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EP: power failure above 500 feet AGL
- lower collective immediately to maintain rotor rpm
- establish a steady glide at approximately 65 KIAS
- adjust collective to keep RPM between 97 and 100% or apply full down collective if light weight prevents attaining above 97%
- select landing spot and, if altitude permits, maneuver so landing will be into the wind
- a restart may be attempted at pilots discretion if sufficient time is available
- if unable to restart, turn unnecessary switches and fuel valve to off
- at about 40 feet AGL, begin cyclic flair to reduce rate of descent and forward speed
- at about 8 feet AGL apply forward cyclic to level ship and raise collective just before touchdown to cushion landing. touchdown in level attitude with nose straight ahead
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EP: power failure between 8 feet and 500 feet AGL
- lower collective immediately to maintain rotor RPM
- adjust collective to keep rpm between 97 and 110% or apply full down collective if light weight prevents attaining above 97 %
- maintain airspeed until ground is approached, then begin cyclic flair to reduce rate of descent and forward speed
- at about 8 feet AGL apply forward cyclic to level ship and raise collective to cushion landing. touch down in level attitude and nose straight ahead
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EP: power failure below 8 feet AGL
- apply right pedal as required to prevent yawing
- allow aircraft to settle
- raise collective just before touchdown to cushion landing
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maximum glide distance configuration and min descent rate
- airspeed approximately 75 KIAS
- rotor RPM approx 90%
- best glide ration is about 4:1 or one nautical mile per 1,500 feet AGL
- min descent rate is 53Knots and 90 percent rpm
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what should be the minimum rotor rpm when automating below 500 feet AGL
97%
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EP: air restart procedure
- mixture full rich
- primer ( if installed) down and locked
- throttle closed then cracked slightly
- actuate starter with left hand
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EP: loss of tail rotor thrust in forward flight
- immediately enter autorotation
- maintain at least 70 KIAS if practical
- select landing sight, roll throttle off into over travel spring and preform autorotation landing
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EP: loss of tail rotor thrust in hover
- immediately roll throttle off into over travel spring and allow aircraft to settle
- raise collective just before touchdown to cushion landing
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EP: engine fire during start on ground
- cranking- continue and attempt to start which would suck flames and excess fuel into engine
- if engine starts, run at 50-60 % rom for a short time
- fuel mixture off
- fuel valve off
- batt switch off
- if time permits apply rotor brake to stop rotors
- exit helicopter
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EP: engine fire in flight
- enter autorotation
- cabin heat off (if installed and time permits)
- cabin vent on ( if time permits)
- if engine is running perform normal landing then fuel mixture off and fuel valve off if engine stops running fuel valve off and complete autorotation landing
- battery switch off
- if time permits apply rotor brake to stop rotors
- exit helicopter
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EP: electrical fire in flight
- battery and alternator switches off
- open cabin vents
- land immediately
- fuel mixture off and fuel valve off
- if time permits apply rotor brake to stop rotors
- exit helicopter
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EP: tachometer failure
if it is not clear which tach is malfunctioning or both tachs malfunction allow governor to control rpm and land as soon as practical
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EP: governor failure
grip throttle firmly to override the governor then switch governor off, complete flight using manual throttle control
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Oil Light
- indicates loss of engine power or oil pressure
- check engine tach for power loss
- check oil pressure gauge and if pressure loss is confirmed land immediately
- continued operation without oil pressure will cause serious engine damage and engine failure may occur
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MR temp light
- indicates excessive temp of main rotor gearbox
- if light is accompanied by any indication of a problem such as noise, vibration, or temp rise land immediately
- if there is no other indication of a problem land as soon as practical
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MR chip light
- indicates metallic particles in main rotor gear box
- if light is accompanied by any indication of a problem such as noise, vibration, or temp rise land immediately
- if there is no other indication of a problem land as soon as practical
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TR chip light
- indicates metallic particles in tail rotor gearbox
- if light is accompanied by any indication of a problem such as noise, vibration, or temp rise land immediately
- if there is no other indication of a problem land as soon as practical
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Low fuel Light
indicates aprox 1.5 gallons of fuel left for bladder tanks and will run out of fuel in apron 10 min at cruise power
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EP: clutch light
- if the light flickers or comes on in flight and does not go out within 10 seconds, pull clutch CB and land as soon as practical
- reduce power and land immediately if there are other indications of drive system failure (be prepared to enter autorotation) have drive system inspected for a possible malfunction
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Alternator light
- turn off non essential electrical equipment and switch alt off and back on after one second to reset alternator control unit
- if light stays on land as soon as practical
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brake light
- indicates rotor brake is engaged
- release immediately in flight or before starting engine
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starter on light
- indicates starter motor is engaged
- if light does not go out when ignition switch is released from start position immediately pull mixture off and turn batt switch off
- have start motor serviced
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GOV off light
indicates engine rpm throttle governor is off
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carbon monoxide light
- indicates carbon monoxide in the cabin
- shut off heater and open nose and door vents
- if hovering land or transition to forward flight
- if symptoms of CO poisoning (headache, drowsiness, dizziness) accompany flight, land immediately
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full throttle light
- indicates engine near full throttle
- the gov will be ineffective because it cannot increase throttle to maintain rpm
- lower collective as required to extinguish light
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low rpm horn and caution light
- indicates that a rotor rpm may be below safe limits
- to restore rpm immediately roll throttle on
- lower collective and in forward flight apply aft cyclic
- the horn and caution light are disabled when collective is full down
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what is the recommended airspeed for takeoff and climb
60KIAS
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what is the recommended airspeed for maximum rate of climb
53 KIAS
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what is the recommended airspeed for maximum range
83KIAS
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what is the recommended airspeed for significant turbulence
60-70KIAS
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what is the recommended airspeed for landing approach
60KIAS
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what is the recommended airspeed for autorotation
60-70 KIAS
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when do you use carb heat
- when OAT is between -4 and 30 celsius
- dew point is less than 15 celsius
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when do you use full carb heat
- during run up
- during takeoff climb and cruise (use as required to keep CAT gauge indication out of yellow arc)
- during descent and autorotations
- at power settings below 18 inches MAP
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what does using full carb heat do
reduces hover ceilings by up to 2000 feet
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when are you in ground effect with r22
- at 2 foot skid clearance
- full throttle
- 103-104 % rpm
- zero wind
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what is the all temp oil for the r22
15w50 or 20w50
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