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What is the job of the crime analyst?
To provide information support for the agency's overall mission.
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Examples of what crime analysts can help agencies do.
- Solve crimes
- Develop effective strategies and tactics to prevent future crimes
- Find and apprehend offenders
- Prosecute and convict offenders
- Improve traffic safety and quality of life
- Optimize internal operations
- Prioritize patrol and investigations
- Detect and solve chronic problems
- Allocate resources
- Plan for future resources needs
- Enact effective policies
- Educate the public
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The transition from data to knowledge
DATA >> Analysis >> INFORMATION >> Communication >> KNOWLEDGE
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Years and Location of first Detectives who identified patterns of crime
1840s, London
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Year Crime Stats Available in London
1847
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Start of tracking M.O.
Within second half of the 19th Century, London
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Vollmer Innovations
Police radios, fingerprinting, mapping, regular review of police reports, formation of patrol districts based on crime volume.
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Earlier use of "crime analysis" than Wilson
1954, New York City PD - reference to a new unit
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Chicago PD Crime Analyst Unit
1955
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Police Administration by O.W. Wilson
deserves credit for popularizing not coining crime analysis term. Required reading for decades for police supervisors, recommended crime analysis in larger agencies.
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Law Enforcement Assistance Administration
LEAA - provided funding to agencies; published a series of manuals 1973-1977. Crime Analysis one of four facets of the LEAAs Integrated Criminal Apprehension Program (ICAP). Lost the last of its funding in 1982
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Proliferation of Crime Analysis
- 1990's
- International Association of Crime Analysts Started in 1990
- IACA First conference in 1991
- Support from US gov through COP and POP funding and the NIJ's Crime Mapping and Analysis Program (CMAP) and Crime Mapping Research Center (later the Mapping and Analysis for Public Safety Program).
- UK - Crime and Disorder Act of 1998 created a bunch of new local-level analysts by requiring local governments to set measurable crime reduction goals and produce regular audits and statistical reports.
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Effect of September 11th on Crime Analysis
- Shifted the priority from traditional crime analysis to improved intelligence.
- IACA provided conference training on national intelligence collection and terrorism prevention in additional to regular training.
- Start of the Homeland Security Era
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Growth of the Crime Analysis Profession
- Almost unaffected by the recession.
- Increase in college and university programs.
- Increase in policing models that emphasize crime analysis (ILP, Predictive Policing, DDACTS
- Bureau of Justice Assistance has a new focus on Crime Analysis.
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Current Challenges
- Proliferation of Technology.
- Use of social media.
- Wide variation in techniques and focuses with Departments and positions.
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Same Problems that Effect us Now
- Inability to get access to quality data.
- Limited Time and Resources.
- Limited budgets for training and professional development.
- Lack of understanding about the role of CA in our agencies.
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IACA Definition of the Types of Crime Analysis
- Crime analysis is a profession and a process.
- Uses qualitative and quantitative techniques to analyse data for the department and public, including:
- Crime
- Criminals
- Crime Victims
- Disorder
- Quality of Life Issues
- Traffic Issues
- Internal Police Operations
- Results support:
- Criminal Investigation
- Prosecution
- Patrol activities
- Crime Prevention and reduction strategies
- Problem-solving
- Evaluation of Police Efforts
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