Ventricles, Meninges, CSF, and Blood Vessels

- Dural Septa Layers
- Arachnoid granulations
- Where CSF flows
- Arachnoid mater
- Spider webs
- Pia Mater
- Weak mother directly adhered to the brain
- Subarachnoid space (actual space)
- Space between the arachnoid and pia mater
- CSF and blood vessels flows through here around the brain
- Epidural Space (potential space)
- Between the skull and dura mater
- Blood or fluid can build up here
- Subdural space (potential space)
- Between the dura and arachnoid mater (usually no space here)
- Extradural Hemorrage
- Bleeding in extradural hematoma
- Usually caused by tearing of an artery
- Subdural Hemorrhage
- Bleeding in subdural space
- Tear in a vein
- Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
- Mixing CSF with blood
- Lateral Ventricles
- -interventricular foramen (hole)->
- Third Ventricle
- -Cerebral Aqueduct->
- Fourth ventricle ->
- Subarachnoid space (via median & lateral apertures)
- CSF goes back and fourth between the Central canal of the spinal cord
Lateral Ventricles

Telencephalon
Third Ventricle

Diencephalon
Cerebral Aqueduct

Mesencephalon
Fourth Ventricle

Metencephalon and myelencephalon
What do all ventircles contain?

Choroid plexus, a structure that continually produces cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
CSF
Specialized fluid from filtered blood
- Following functions:
- Shock absorber, helps in transporting nutrients and removal of waste, helps maintain the proper ion balance in neural tissue
Hydrocephalus
- Caused by obstruction of circulation of CSF
- Leads to accumulation of fluid
- Compresses the brain
Two major pairs of arteries supply the brain:
- Vertebral arteries
- Internal carotid arteries
Vertebral arteries
- Branches off the subclavian arteries
- Travels through transverse foramina & enters skull through foramen magnum
- Its branches are referred to as the posterior circulation of the brain
Internal Carotid Arteries
- Branches off the common carotid arteries (either from the brachiocephelic trunk or the aortic arch depending on the side)
- Enters the skull through carotid canal and then through the internal opening of foramen lacerum (filled with cartilage)
- Its branches are referred to as the anterior circulation of the brain
Internal Carotid Artery

Its branches are referred to as the anterior circulation of the brain
Anterior Cerebral Artery
- Terminal branch of internal carotid a
- Enters the longitudinal fissure
- Supplies most of the medial and superior surfaces of the cerebral hemispheres (specifically on the frontal and parietal lobes)
- Green is the Anterior Cerebral A
Middle Cerebral Artery
- Terminal branch of internal carotid A
- Passes between the temporal and frontal lobes to reach the lateral part of the cerebral hemispheres
- Supplies lateral surface of cerebral hemispheres
- Purple is middle cerebral artery
Blood supply to the cerebral cortex
- Medial and superior aspect supplied by anterior cerebral A
- Lateral aspect supplied by middle cerebral A
Posterior Cerebral A
- Terminal branch of basilar a
- Supplies inferior surface of the cerebral hemispheres (specifically the inferior portion of temporal lobes) and all of the occipital lobes
- Yellow is Posterior Cerebral A
Innervation
- Primary Somatosensory Area: Anterior/Middle Cerebral A
- Primary Visual Area: Posterior Cerebral A
- Primary Motor Area: Anterior Cerebral A
- Broca's Speech Area: Middle Cerebral A
- Prefrontal Cortex: Anterior Cerebral A
- Primary Auditory Area: Middle Cerebral A

Author

Zaqxz

ID

340941

Card Set

Ventricles, Meninges, CSF, and Blood Vessels

Description

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Updated

2018-06-24T01:00:28Z

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