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Bones of the Scull

  1. Break up of the bones in the scull
    • Composed of 22 bones:
    • 8 form the cranium or "braincase"
    • 14 are associated with the face

    7 additional bones are just associated with the scull
  2. Bones of the cranium
    • Unpaired:
    • Frontal bone
    • Occipital bone
    • Sphenoid bone
    • Ethmoid bone

    • Paired:
    • Parietal bones (2)
    • Temporal bones (2)
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    • Calvaria
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    Anterior, posterior, lateral view of the skull
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    Superior, internal, and inferior view of the scull
  6. Sutures
    • Fibrous Joint
    • Very short fibers connect the interlocking edges of articulating bones
    • Joints between bones of the scull
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    Coronal Suture
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    • Squamosal (squamous) suture
    • Super thin along the squamous portion
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    • Lambdoidal (lambdoid) suture
    • Looks like lambda (λ)
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    Sagittal Suture
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    Frontal bone
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    • Superciliary arch
    • Rainbow shaped and projects out
    • Eyebrows are here
    • More prominent in men (more defined brows bc of this arch)
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    • Supra-orbital notch (foramen)
    • This notch may be a full circle in people (foramen)
    • Orbit is where the eyeballs are
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    • Frontal sinus
    • One of the four paranasal sinuses which are the holes near the nose.
  15. What happens during a sinus infection?
    The paranatal sinus are holes near the nose that get blocked by mucus causing pressure.
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    Parietal Bones
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    Superior temporal line
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    Inferior Temporal Line
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    • Temporalis M
    • Important for chewing
    • Causes the two lines because of where it sits
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    • Inferior/Superior (external/internal) view of Occipital Bone
    • This bone is on the back/bottom of the scull
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    • Foramen Magnum
    • Where the spinal cord is held
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    • Occipital Condyle
    • Flat ear like structure; where the C1 vertebrae articulates with scull
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    • Hypoglossal Canal
    • Inside the magnum there is this opening
    • One on each side; CN12 (hypoglossal N) travels through this
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    • Inferior/Superior Nuchal Line
    • One of the traps origins
    • Superior is under the inferior
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    • External Occipital Protuberance
    • Trap origin; large bunp on the bottom of the occipital bone
    • Usually larger in males
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    Foramen Magum
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    • Jugular Notch
    • Helps form the foramen
    • Half of the circle is here
    • Can only see well from the superior view
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    Entrance to hypoglossal canal
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    • Temporal Bones
    • Right, Lateral view
    • Inferior View
    • All of the hearing structures are housed in this bone
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    • Squamous part (squama)
    • Very thin; almost see through it
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    • External acoustic meatus
    • Opening to the ear canal
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    • Mastoid Process
    • Where a portion of the mastoid is going to sit
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    • Styloid Process
    • Site for muscle attachment
    • Very thin and sharp
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    • Mandibular Fossa
    • Where a portion of the mandible (jaw) articulates in and out of
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    • Zygomatic Process
    • Forms part of your cheekbones
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    • Carotid canal
    • Medial to styloid process
    • Where blood supply to brain comes from (internal carotid artery goes through this)
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    • Mastoid Process
    • Big bump
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    • Stylomastoid Foramen
    • Inbetween mastoid and styloid processes
    • A portion of CN 7 will travel through this
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    Medial view of the right temporal bone
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    • Internal acoustic meatus
    • Connection to external acoustic meatus (CN 7/8 travel through this to get out of the scull
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    Mastoid Process
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    • Sphenoid bone
    • Irregular shape (butterfly)
    • Tons of hole
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    • Sella Turcica
    • Looks like a "Turkish saddle"
    • Pituitary gland sits in this saddle
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    • Optic Canal
    • Openings on either side of the saddle (CN 2 "optic n" travels through these 2 canals)
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    • Superior Orbital Fissure
    • Inferior and posterior or optic canal; CN 3,4, first division of 5, and 6 all go out of this
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    • Foramen Rotundum
    • Where the second division of CN 5 travels through
    • On either side of the sella turcica
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    • Foramen Ovale
    • Third division of CN goes through this
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    • Foramen Spinosum
    • Artery travels through; its small for a small artery
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    Sphenoidal Sinus
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    Foramen rotundum
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    • Lateral plate of the pterygold process
    • Bigger than the medial
    • Muscles for chewing come here
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    • Medial plate of the pterygold process
    • Small
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    Superior/Anterior/Posterior view of Ethmoid Bone
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    • Cribriform plate
    • Houses the cribriform foramina
    • CN 1 goes through here
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    • Crista Galli
    • Sharkfin pointing straight up from the back view
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    • Superior Nasal Concha
    • Looks like a conch shell when you look from the inside
    • On either side of the perpendicular plate
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    • Middle Nasal Concha
    • On either side of the perpendicular plate
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    Foramina
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    • Perpendicular Plate
    • Forms a lot of the nasal septum
    • Divides the sides of the nose
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    • Yellow: ethmoid bone
    • Blue: middle nasal concha
    • Purple: perpendicular plate
  61. What is in the anterior, middle, and posterior cranial fossa?
    • Anterior: looks like the top step
    • --Made up of : frontal bone, ethmoid, portion of sphenoid bone
    • Middle: middle step
    • --Made up of: sphenoid bone, temporal bone, parietal bone
    • Posterior: last step
    • --Made up of: occipital, temporal, sphenoid, partial (cerebellum is here)
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    • Yellow: maxillary bone
    • Purple: infra-orbital foramen
    • Green: alveolar processes-- grooves where the teeth are housed
  63. What forms the hard palate?
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    • Maxillary Sinus
    • The last of the paranasal sinuses
  65. Cleft Palate
    • Where there is a hole in the hard palate
    • One of the bones didn't fuse right which allows you to see through to the nose
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    • Frontal Sinus
    • Ethmoid Sinus
    • Sphenoid Sinus
    • Maxillary Sinus
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    • Horizontal Plate on the Palatine Bones
    • These meet to help form the posterior of the hard palate
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    • Nasal Bone
    • Bridge of the nose
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    • Inferior Nasal Concha
    • Articulates with the maxilla
    • Warms air as you breathe in and out
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    Zygomatic Bone and the Temporal Process
  71. What is the zygomatic arch
    Zygomatic process of temproal bone + Temporal process of zygomatic bone
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    • Temporal fossa
    • Area superior and deep to the zygomatic arch
    • Temporalis is in here
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    • Infratemporal fossa
    • Area inferior and deep to the zygomatic arch
    • Arteries and nerves in here
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    • Lacrimal Bones
    • Inner portion of the orbit of eye with the sac which collects tears
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    Vomer
  76. Parts of the Nasal SeptumImage Upload 158
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    • Lateral, posterior, medial view of Mandible
    • Lower Jaw
    • Houses inferior teeth
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    • Coronoid process
    • Sharp
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    • Condylar process
    • Rounded and posterior
    • Goes into the mandibular fossa
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    • Ramus
    • Sticks straight up
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    • Angle
    • Where the ramus meets the body
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    Mental foramen
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    • Mental protuberance
    • Chin
    • Butt chin is when this doesn't form all the way
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    Body
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    Genoid Tubercle
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    • Mandibular foramen
    • Only on the inside
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    • Inferior Alveolar N is what they numb at the dentist
  88. Fontanelles
    • Soft spots
    • Soft fibrous areas where several sutures unite allowing for molding and remodeling
    • This allow the scull to be pliable during child birth
  89. What are the fontanelles
    • Anterior fontanel
    • Posterior fontanel
    • Mastoid fontanelles
    • Sphenoid fontanelles
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    • Anterior/Anterosuperior View of the Hyloid Bone
    • Moves up and down to assist with eating and talking 
    • Aka "wish bone"
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    • Green: Greater Horn
    • Purple: Lesser Horn
    • Orange: Body
Author
Zaqxz
ID
340868
Card Set
Bones of the Scull
Description
aldkjf
Updated

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