PSYCH

SYSTEMATIC CHANGES IN AN IDIVIDUAL THAT OCCUR BETWEEN CONCEPTION AND DEATH

• 1 PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT
• 2 COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT
• 3 PSYCHOSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT

PHYSICAL CHANGES

• PRENATAL
• INFANCY
• PRESCHOOL
• MIDDLE CHILDHOOD
• ADOLESCENCE
• EARLY ADULTHOOD
• MIDDLE ADULTHOOD
• LATE ADULTHOOD

HEREDITY/BIOLOGICAL

ENVIROMENTAL/LEARNED

• MICROSYSTEM
• MESOSYSTEM
• EXOSYSTEM
• MACROSYSTEM

• 1 DESCRIBE HUMAN BEHAVIOR
• 2 EXPLAIN HUMAN BEHAVIOR
• 3 OPTIMIZE HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

• 1ST PRESIDENT OF APA
• FOUNDED DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCH
• WROTE ADOLESCENCE
• WROTE SENESCENCE
• HE ONLY DESCRIBED DEVELOPMENT NOT EXPLAIN IT

EVERY MEMBER OF A POPULATION HAS AN EQUAL CHANCE OF BEING SELECTED

EQUAL PROPORTIONS OF SUB-GROUP ARE TAKEN TO REPRESENT THE WHOLE

MANIPULATED BY THE EXPERIMENTER

OUTCOME OF THE EXPERIMENT

• AGE EFFECT GETTING OLDER
• COHORT EFFECT BEING BORN IN A PARTICULAR ERA
• TIME OF MEASUREMENT EFFECT EFFECT OF HISTORICAL EVENT

STUDIES DIFFERENT AGES AT ONE POINT IN TIME

STUDIES ONE PERSON AT SEVERAL POINTS IN THIER LIFE

COMBINES CROSS SECTIONAL AND LONGITUDAL

DEBATES WHEATHER DEVELOPMENT IS HEREDITARY OR ENVIRONMENTAL

ARE HUMANS BORN INNATLY GOOD OR BAD

DO WE CONTRIBUTE TO OUR ENVIRONMENT AND DEVELOPMENT OR IS IT PREDETERMINED BY OUTSIDE FORCES

IS DEVELOPMENT IN A CONSISTANT SLOW CONTINUOUS MANNER OR IS IT IN STAGES

HUMAN DEVELOPMENT UNIVERSAL OR CAN IT BE GENERALIZED

• DEVELOPED PSYCHOANALITIC THEORY
• BIOLOGICAL FORCES MOTIVATE BEHAVIOR

• ID IMMEDIATE GRATIFICATION
• SUPEREGO RATIONAL
• EGO MEDIATOR

COPING DEVICE THAT THE EGO USES TO DEAL WITH STRESS

ENERGY OF THE SEXUAL INSTINCT

UNCONCIOUS EJECTION OF THOUGHTS AND IDEAS

• 1 ORAL STAGE
• 2 ANAL STAGE
• 3 PHALLIC STAGE
• 4 LATENCY STAGE
• 5 GENITAL STAGE

• TRUST VS MISTRUST
• AUTONOMY VS SHAME
• INITATIVE VS GUILT
• INDUSTRY VS INFERIORITY
• IDENTITY VS ROLE CONFUSION
• INTIMACY VS ISOLATION
• GENERATIVITY VS STAGNATION
• INTEGRITY VS DESPAIR

CLASSICAL CONDITIONING

DOG FOOD

DOG SALIVATING

BELL RINGING

DOG SALIVATES TO BELL

OPERANT CONDITIONING

• INCREASES BEHAVIOR
• ADMINISTER POSITIVE STIMULUS TO INCREASE TARGET BEHAVIOR

• INCREASES BEHAVIOR
• WITHDRAW A UNPLESENT STIMULUS TO INCREASE TARGET BEHAVIOR

• DECREASE BEHAVIOR
• ADMINISTER AN UNPLESENT STIMULUS TO DECREASE TARGET BEHAVIOR

• DECREASE BEHAVIOR
• WITHDRAWING A PLESENT STIMULUS TO DECREASE TARGET BEHAVIOR

OBSERVATIONAL LEARNING

LEARNER CAN CHANGE BEHAVIORS BASED ON CONSEQUENCES OBSERVED TO THE MODEL

WAYS HUMANS CAN EXERCISE CONTROLL OVER THEMSELVES THIER ENVIRONMENT AND THIER LIVES

BELIEF THAT A PERSON IS NOT SHAPED BY ENVIRONMENT BUT CAN CHANGE BUILD AND CHOOSE IT

• DOES NOT PROVE THAT LEARNING CAUSES DEVELOPMENTAL CHANGES
• OVER-SIMPLIFIES DEVELOPMENT BY MINIMIZING BIOLOGICAL INFLUENCES AS WEEL AS EMOTIONS

COGNITIVE

• BIRTH-2
• USE SENSES TO EXPLORE THE WORLD

• PRESCHOOLER
• SYMBOLIC THOUGHT TO DEVELOP LANGUAGE
• PRETEND PLAY
• PROBLEM SOLVING

• SCHOOL AGE CHILDREN
• CONSERVATION
• SOLVE CONCRETE PROBLEMS

• ADOLESCENCE
• THINK ABSTRACTLY

THE STUDY OF EVOLVED BEHAVIOR OF VARIOUS SPECIES IN THIER NATURAL ENVIRONMENT

PROCESS OF NATURE AND NURTURE, GENES AND ENVIRONMENT,JOINTLY BRING FORTH DEVELOPMENTAL OUTCOMES

• ENVIRONMENT
• BEHAVIOR
• NEURAL ACTIVITY
• GENETIC ACTIVITY

COMPLEXITY MAKES IT A STRENGTH AND WEAKNESS

NATURAL SELECTION-GENES THAT ARE SUCCESFULL TO SURVIVAL GET PASSED ON

• NUCLEUS
• CELL
• CHROMOSOME
• STRAND OF DNA
• GENE

SPERM OR OVA SPLITS IN HALF

CELL DIVISION

GENETIC MAKEUP A PERSON INHERITS

EXPRESSED TRAITS OF A PERSON

B b

B BB Bb

b Bb bb

• DOWN SYNDROME 3 21ST CHROMOSOME
• TURNER SYNDROME FEMALE WITH ONLY ONE X CHROMOSOME
• KLEINFELTER SYNDROME MALE WITH AN EXTRA X CHROMOSOME
• FRAGILE X SYNDROME ONE ARM OF X IS FALLING OFF

• ULTRASOUND
• AMNEOCENTESIS
• CHORIONIC VILLUS SAMPLE
• PRE-IMPLANTATION GENETIC DIAGNOSIS
• MATERNAL BLOOD SAMPLING

PROVIDES INFORMATION OF THE LIKLIHOOD NATURE AND EFFECTS OF A GENETIC DISORDER

TURN GENE PAIRS ON/OFF

• CHARACTERISTICS INFLUINCED BY 23RD PAIR
• COLORBLINDNESS HEMOPHILLIA

CHARACTERISTICS ARE INFLUINCED BY MULTIPLE GENES INTERACTING WITH THE ENVIRONMENT

MEASURE TO WHICH GENES ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR THE TRANSMISSION OF TRAITS

• PASSIVE INTERACTION-CREATE SOCIAL HOME ENVIRONMENT
• EVOCATIVE INTERACTION-HAPPY BABY GETS MORE SOCIAL STIMULATION
• ACTIVE INTERACTION-SHY CHILD SEEKS SOLITARY ACTIVITIES