Statistikk, metode og dataanalyse 2017

When should Market Research NOT be conducted?

A) When firms need to systematically evaluate elements of the market
B) When there is uncertainty about what to do
C) If decisions need to be taken in an instant
D) None of the above

In which one of the following situations would you conduct exploratory research?

A) When you want to determine if one variable causes another
B) When researchers already have a good understanding of the research problem
C) When you want to formulate problems precisely
D) When you want to conduct an experiment

What is the purpose of a Research Report?

A) All of these
B) To give recommendations for a course of action
C) To explain the extent to which the findings can be generalized
D) To communicate the research findings to specific audiences

Which of the following alternatives is an example of quantitative data?

A) Telephone numbers
B) None of these
C) Time
D) Zip codes

"Does the variable reflect what you want to measure? That is: does it make sense?"
Which type of validity are we referring to?

A) Content validity
B) Predictive validity
C) Criterion validity
D) Face validity

Please consider the following question: "Are you satisfied with the performance and reliability of your iphone?
This is an example of _____ in questionnaire design.

A) Suggesting answers
B) Double-barreled questions
C) Negations
D) Questions not answerable

Which of the following alternatives is not a measure of dispersion?

A) Range
B) Median
C) Variance
D) None of the above

Which of the following statements is correct about hypothesis testing:
I. Hypothesis testing is a procedure by which claims about populations are evaluated on the basis of sample
statistics.
II. Hypothesis testing starts with the formulation of the null and alternative hypotheses.
III. When you reject a null hypothesis, you can be fully certain that this was the correct decision.

A) Only I
B) I and II
C) II and III
D) All of the above

Which of the following assumptions should be fulfilled to conduct ANOVA analysis?

A) The dependent variable is measured in an ordinal scale
B) The population variances in each group are identical
C) The minimum sample size per group is 10 observations
D) All of the above

Which of the following statements explains characteristics of the F-test statistic?

A) Because of the way it is calculated, it is always positive
B) As a rule of thumb, F needs to reach a value of approximately 4 to be statistically significant
C) All of these
D) The larger the value of F, the stronger the evidence from the data that there is a difference between the populations

A key difference between practitioners and academics that are involved in market research is that managers/clients judge practitioners while reviewers judge academics.

True or False?
True False

"To identify which of the three test package designs has the greatest impact on consumer attitudes and purchase intentions" is an example of a research question

True or False?
True False

Bait-and-switch is when a bid is submitted at a legitimate price; however, once the contract is signed, the research company identifies some means of upgrading the study to a more expensive design.

True or False?
True False

A number of potential ethical situations could occur when conducting research studies. However, while researchers have legal and professional responsibilities regarding their respondents, they do not have ethical
responsibilities when elaborating the research report.

True or False?
True False

A case consists of all the observed variables that belong to an object such as customer, a company or a country.

True or False?
True False

Primary data tends to be cheaper, easier to collect and sometimes it is more accurate.

True or False?
True False

The most important aspect of sampling is that the sample is representative of the population.

True or False?
True False

In experimental research, to examine the influence of the dependent variable(s) on the independent variable(s), treatments or stimuli are administered to the participants.

True or False?
True False

The mode is calculated by ranking the data and taking the one that comes right in the middle.

True or False?
True False

A Type II error occurs when a false null hypothesis is not rejected

True or False?
True False

The difference between the test statistic (p-value) and the critical value α (significance level) is that the p-value is calculated using the sample and the significance level is set by the researcher before the test outcome is
observed

True or False?
True False

Positive correlation is present when high values of the first variable are associated with low values of the second variable.

True or False?
True False

A researcher wanted to examine how individuals' political affiliation would influence their opinion of a new tax legislation. In the survey, 120 individuals were identified as conservative and 80 as liberal. A question on the survey asked whether the respondents "agreed", "disagreed" or had "no opinion" about the tax law. The researcher believes a Chi-Square is the appropriate test for this analysis.

True or False?
True False

The graph shows an example of data that has a negatively skewed distribution.


True False

One way of validating the results of regression analysis is to randomly split the sample into two groups consisting of 70% and 30% of the observations. Then we estimate the regression model on both samples and check if the parameter estimates and significance levels are about the same.

True or False?
True False

Bill conducted a multiple regression analysis to answer his research question. The SPSS output for multiple regression analysis is shown in the attachment.
Based on the results, which of the following statements is correct?



A) None of these
B) The value of the adjusted R square should be higher than the value of R-square.
C) The value of R denotes that the model predicts time rather poorly.
D) The value of R-squared = 0.764 shows that the independent variables together account for 76.4 percent of the variance in the dependent variable.

The value of F = 244.774 and p < 0.05, indicate that the dependent variable explains a significant amount of the changes in the independent variables. True or False?


True False

Based on the coefficient results, which of the following statements is correct?


A) Each independent variable is making a significant contribution to the model.
B) The value of 19.917 for the constant is the baseline number of minutes that is unrelated to any other variables.
C) All B coefficients are positive.
D) All of these

If the number of red lights increases by 1, then the time that Bill takes to get to work would increase by 1.335
minutes

True or false?

True False

To reduce the time it takes Bill to get to work, he has to identify the independent variable that has the strongest relationship to the dependent variable.


Which independent variable is this one?
A) All of these
B) Trains
C) Departure
D) Red lights

One of the data requirements for regression analysis is that there is no collinearity present. Based on the
results, is collinearity a problem between the variables?

A) Yes, the tolerance value is below 0.10 and the VIF value is above 10.
B) Yes, the tolerance value is above 0.10 and the VIF value is below 10.
C) No, the tolerance value is above 0.10 and the VIF value is below 10.
D) None of these