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“Cannabis” is a category of drugs derived primarily from various species of plants, such as Cannabis ______, which generally grow ____ and _____, outdoors and Cannabis ______ plants, which generally grow _____ and _____ and are better grown indoors.
- Sativa - tall and thin
- Indica - Short and wide
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Cannabis products contain the primary psychoactive (mind-altering) chemical:
delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)
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___________ chemical in Marijuana is considered non-psychoactive and lacks the intoxicating properties of THC.
Cannabidiol (CBD)
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Sativa vs Indica
Sativa - Wake you up, brain high or "cerebral high"
Indica - Put you to sleep, body high. "Couch lock"
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Sinsemilla” in Spanish means
“without seeds”
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Forms of Cannabis
- Marijuana
- Hashish
- Hash Oil
- Marinol (Pharmaceutical)
Other forms include "wax" "honey" "dab" called BHO
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– a form of Cannabis made from the dried and pressed resin of a Marijuana plant
Hashish
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sometimes referred to as “Marijuana Oil,” it is a highly concentrated syrup-like oil extracted from Marijuana
Hash Oil
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The average THC content of hash oil seized in the U.S. in 2010 was
30.3%
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a synthetic form of THC
Marinol (or trade name of Dronabinol)
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is the generic or chemical name for the synthetic THC
“Dronabinol”
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an analog of Dronabinol used as an anti-vomiting agent; Trade name: Cesamet
Nabilone
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sometimes knows as green dragon, is an alcohol-based extract of cannabis and sometimes used in the production of specific extracts.
Cannabis tinctures
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are simply cannabis-infused products for use on the surface of the skin. They can come in the form of balms, lotions, oils, tinctures, or personal lubricants and can be applied directly to the skin.
Topical cannabis, or topicals
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are food products infused with Marijuana.
Edibles
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Though _______ Marijuana is the most prevalent method of consumption, eating Marijuana is quickly becoming a popular way to consume the drug.
smoking
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_______ ________ ________ is one of the more popular or more familiar synthetic Cannabinoids.
K2, herbal incense, or “fake weed,”
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Synthetic Cannabinoid Products
K2, Spice, Spice Gold, Spice Diamond, Yucatan Fire, Solar Flare, K2 Summit, Genie, PEP Spice, and Fire n Ice, to name a few.
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Spice and similar products consists of shredded dried plant material that has been _________ with chemicals designed to act on the same brain cell receptors as THC, but are often much more powerful and unpredictable.
sprayed
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When smoked, synthetic Cannabinoid products can also produce ________ and/or ___________effects.
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Synthetic Cannabinoid Products Effects
- Panic attacks
- Agitation
- Tachycardia (range of 110 to 150 BPM)
- Elevated blood pressure
- Anxiety
- Pallor (pale appearance)
- Numbness and tingling
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Users of synthetic cannabinoid report effects lasting between ____ __ _____.
30 minutes and 2 hours.
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Possible Cannabis Medical Applications
- Lowering of intraocular pressure
- An appetite enhancer
- A muscle relaxant
- A tumor growth retardant
- Seizure inhibitor
- Suppressing nausea
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Average THC concentration in Marijuana:
Marijuana – ____% (2013)
Hash – __– __% (2013)
Hash Oil – ____% (2013)
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The ______ the THC, the more hits required to achieve desired effects.
lower
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Methods of ingestion
- Smoked #1
- Orally
- Transdermal
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Possible Effects of Cannabis
- Interferes with divided
- Short attention span
- Varying speed
- Failing to maintain lane
- Difficulty with depth perception
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Effect of Cannavis
- Relaxation
- Euphoria
- Relaxed inhibitions
- Disoriented
- Altered time and distance perception
- Lack of concentration
- Impaired memory
- Alterations in thought process
- Drowsiness
- Sedation
- Mood changes
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Onset and duration of Cannabis: how fast, peak and how long?
- Within minutes
- 10-30 peak effect
- lasts 2-3 hours
- 3-5 hours feels "normal" but still impaired
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A 1985 Stanford University study showed pilots had difficulty in holding patterns and in lining up with runways for up to __ hours after using Marijuana
24
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Evidence of marijuana use may be present in blood/urine what types of chemicals are these?
- blood - Hydroxy THC
- urine - Carboxy THC
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Cannabis has shown to effect the executive function in the following areas:
- Attention - Selectively attending to one cue while ignoring others, including divided and sustained attention
- Concentration - Intense mental application
- Decision-making - Process of selecting a course of action
- Impulsivity - Initiation of behavior without adequate forethought
- Inhibition - Imposing restraint on behavior or another mental process
- Reaction Time - Lapse of time between presentation of a stimulus and a response
- Risk Taking - Engaging in behaviors that have the potential to be harmful or dangerous
- Verbal Fluency - Generating multiple, verbal responses associated with specified conceptual category
- Working Memory - Ability to hold and manipulate information and remember it after a short delay
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Blood tests may disclose Cannabis use for up to - days after smoking
3
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Urine tests may indicate the presence of inactive THC metabolites for up to a _____
a month
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the rapid increase and immediate decline in the THC level in the blood depends on:
tolerance
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There are two important metabolites, or chemical byproducts, of THC:
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ois the main psychoactive metabolite of THC formed in the body after Marijuana consumption
Hydroxy
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Also referred to as 11-Hydroxy-THC
Hydroxy-THC
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may be found in the blood plasma for several days following Marijuana use
Carboxy THC
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Cannabis principally is eliminated from the body in ____ and ______.
feces and urine
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Cannabis is a____ _____: ie____; therefore, it can remain for long periods in the brain tissue, which is about one-third fat.
fat soluble (i.e., it dissolves easily into fatty tissue)
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Hydroxy THC vs Carboxy THC
impairment/euphoria vs. not psychactive
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Overdoese signs of Cannabis
- Paranoia
- Possible psychosis
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Long term effects include:
- Lung damage
- Chronic Bronchitis
- Lowering of Testosterone (male sex hormone)
- Possible birth defects, still births and infant deaths
- Acute anxiety attacks
- Chronic reduction of attention span
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is a period of pupillary constriction followed by a period of pupillary dilation where the pupil steadily increases in size and does not return to its original constricted size
“Rebound Dilation”
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The compound that creates musk and tastes of the cannabis:
Terpenes
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