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Process
Rough prominence for muscle attachment
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Tuberosity
Large, blunt process
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Tubercle
Small, blunt process
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Fossa
Saucer-like depression
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Articulation
Refers to a joint
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Head
Rounded, articular surface joined to a neck
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Neck
Constricted area between head and shaft
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Condyle
Large, concave/convex articular surface
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Facet
Small, articular surface
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Pelvic Girdle
- Keeps the leg in place
- Hip; bones of the leg are attached to
- Stabilizes the lower limbs
- When you walk this is what swings
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What is made up of your thigh?
- Pelvic girdle (ossa coxae, sacrum)
- Femur
- Patella
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What is considered the leg?
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What makes up the foot?
- Tarsals
- Metatarsals
- Phalanges
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Sacroiliac Joint
 - The sacroiliac joint connects the sacrum (triangular bone at the bottom of the spine) with the pelvis (iliac bone that is part of the hip joint) on each side of the lower spine.
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Pubic Symphysis
 - Bone meets bone (where the two ossa coxa meet)
- Cartilaginous joint
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What places are in line with each other in the pelvic girdle?
- Anterior superior iliac spine (2)
- Pubic tubercles (2) on either side of the pubic symphysis
- The pelvic girdle is tilted
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What is the red line?
- Pelvic brim
- Bowl that holds the organs
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True Pelvis
- The blue part below the rim
- Where the pelvic organs sit
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False Pelvis
- Above the rim
- Where the abdominal wall and supports the intestines
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Sacrum
- Posterior Bone
- Made up of 5 fused together vertebrae
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Promontory
Articulates with the last vertabrae (LV: a single vertabrae)
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Anterior Sacral Foramina
 - Round Openings
- Spinal nerves go through these holes
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Median Sacral Crest
 - Ridges along posterior
- This is how you know you are looking at the back
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Auricular Surface
 - "Auricular"="Ear shaped"
- Articulate with the hip bone
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Sacral Canal
 - Opening in the bone
- The rest of the spinal nerves go through this
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Posterior Sacral Foramina
 - This is the same as the anterior sacral foramina, only from the back view.
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What bone is this and what is the orientation?
- Os Coxae (Hip Bone)
- This is the right hip
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- Posterior Superior Iliac Spine (PSIS) is the top one
- Posterior Inferior Iliac Spine (PIIS) is the bottom one.
- Both are muscle attachments
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- Greater Sciatic Notch
- It is a notch cut into bone (nerves travel through this)
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- Ischial Tuberosity
- "Tuberosity" = "rough ridge"
- Bone you sit on
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Ischium: the portion of the ox coxae that is the most posterior and inferior
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- Ischial Ramus
- "Ramus"= "straight portion"
- Like an arm projecting straight out
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Ilium: the most superior part of the ox coxae
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- Iliac crest
- Ridge on top of bone
- Gluteal muscles attach here
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- Anterior Superior Iliac Spine (ASIS)
- Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine (AIIS)
- Both are muscle attachment places
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- Acetabulum
- The round part where the femur connects to the pelvis forming the hip
- Can only be seen from the lateral view
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- Pubis/Body of Pubis
- Pubic bone: most anterior and inferior part of the ox coxae
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- Inferior ramus of pubis
- The arm where one ramus meets another
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- Obturator Foramen
- "Foramen" = "hole in bone"
- Obturator muscle attaches to this
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What is this and what view is it?
Os Coxae in medial view bc you can't see the acetabulum
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- Superior Ramus of Pubis
- Where one ramus meets another
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Articular surface of Pubic (at pubic symphysis)
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- Iliac Fossa
- "Fossa"="Large Depression"
- Muscle attachment
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- Auricular Surface
- This little divot meets with the sacrum
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Pubis Symphysis
- Cartilage where one bone meets another
- This allows movement (walking)
- Shock absorber
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- Lesser Sciatic Foramen
- Turns into a foramen because of the sacrospinous and sacrotuberous ligaments
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- Greater sciatic foramen
- It is a foramen not a notch because of the sacrospinous ligament
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- Sacrospinous Ligament
- Attaches to the bone
- Responsible for turning the greater sciatic notch into a foramen
- Also helps turn the lesser sciatic notch turn into a foramen
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- Sacrotuberous Ligament
- Attaches to the bone
- Responsible for turning the lesser sciatic notch into a foramen
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- Ischial Tuberosity
- Bone you sit on
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What bone is it and what orientation is it in?
- Right Femur
- The left is anterior view and right is posterior view
- You know bc the condyles face the back and the neck faces into the hip
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- Femoral Head
- Articulates with the acetabulum
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- Lesser Trochanter
- More medial and posterior
- Muscle attaches here
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- Adductor tubercle
- Big bump
- Medial and posterior
- Muscle attachment here
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- Medial epicondyle and medial condyle
- Epicondyle is the textured ridge above the condyle which is a smooth surface that articulates with another bone
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- Neck
- Where the bone thins out
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- Greater Trochanter
- Bump important site for muscle attachment
- Lateral and superior
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- Lateral Epicondyle
- "Epicondyle"="Ridge above condyle"
- Textured
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- Lateral Condyle
- "Condyle"= "Smooth surface that articulates with another bone"
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Posterior view of the greater trochanter
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- Intertrochanteric crest
- Can only be seen from the posterior view
- Rounded ridge that connects the greater and lesser trochanters of the femur posteriorly
- Marks the junction of the neck and shaft of the bone.
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- Gluteal Tuberosity
- Gluteal muscle attaches
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- Linea Aspera
- "Linea Aspera"="White Line"
- Runs down posterior shaft
- Thigh muscle attaches here
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- Intercondylar Fossa
- Large divot between condyles
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- Patellar Ligament
- Holds patella and attaches to the tibial tuberosity
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- Left is anterior view (smooth)
- Right is posterior view
- It will fall to the side it is from
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- Articular facet for medial femoral condyle
- Articulates with the medial condyle on the femur
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- Apex
- The point on the bottom
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- Articular facet for lateral femoral condyle
- Articulate with the lateral condyle on femur
- This is bigger
- Always falls to this side which is the side the bone is from
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Tibia
- Articulates with the femur
- Weight bearing bone
- Forms the knee joint
- Is the medial ankle bone
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Fibula
Site for muscle attachment
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- Intercondylar Eminence
- Ridge
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- Lateral Condyle
- Articulates with the femur
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- Fibula
- More lateral than the tibia
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- Proximal tiofibular joint
- Distal tibiofibular joint
- Both are points of articulation with the tibia and fibula
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