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ecchymosis
large, bruise like lession
-
-
Macule
- flat
- not raised
- less than 1cm
-
papule
- raised
- less than 1 cm
- "wart, mole, basal cell carcinoma"
-
vesicle
- raised
- serous fluid filled
- "varicella, shingles, burn"
-
pustule
- superficial
- purulent or pus filled
- "acne, impetigo"
-
plaque
- elevated
- superficial
- solid lesion
- collection of papule and nodule
-
wheal
- firm
- edematous
- irregular shape
- "insect bite"
-
interigo
- redness
- inflamation at skin folds
- keep dry
-
petechiae
- pin point deposit of blood
- visible through mucous membrane
-
cherry angioma
- red raised bumps
- palpate for color change
-
seborrheic keratosis
- overgrowth
- cells produce cebum oil
- crusty
-
telangiectasia
- dialated, superficial blood vessles
- common on face and thighs
-
actinic keratosis
- before sun
- growth
- "horns"
- pre cancerous
-
keloid
- overgrowth of scar tissue
- raised
- no treatment
- "piercings"
-
vitiligo
- absent of pigmentation
- autoimmune
-
naevus of ota
- gray or blue gray birth mark
- normal/abnormal
- face or sclera
-
traction alopecia
hair loss
-
pseudofolliculitus
inflamatory response to in grown hairs
-
broad spectrum sunscreen
- UVA(tanning) and UVB(sunburn)
- spf 15
- 20-30 min before exposure
- every 2 hours
-
ABCDE
malignant skin neoplasms
- asymetery
- borders
- color
- diameter(6mm or more)
- evolving
-
malignant skin neoplasms risk factors
- fair skin
- sun exposure
- family hx
- equator
- PUVA(treatment for cirrohsis)
-
pt with hx of skin cancer should use an spf of
30
-
non melanoma skin cancers
- -they develop in the basement of the membrane
- -basal and squamous
- -sun exposed areas
-
actinic keratosis
- -hyperkeratotic papules and plaques on sun exposed areas
- -hard keratotic scale or horn
- -precancerous, premalignant form of squamous
-
actinic keratosis described
- irregular shape
- flat
- erythematous papule
- indistinc borders
-
basal cell carcinoma
- more common
- small slowly enlarging papule
- elevated
- curled borders
- at site of trauma
- locally invasive
-
squamous cell carcinoma
- -more deadly
- -head and neck
- -malignant neoplasm
- -smoking and renal transplant
-
squamous cell carcinoma described
- -thin, scaley erythmeous plaque
- -firm nodules with indistinct borders
- -horns
-
malignant melanoma
a neoplastic growth of melanocytes anywhere on the skin, eyes or mucos membrane
-
malignant melanoma description
- -irregular color, border, surface
- -flat or elevated
- -often dark brown or black
- -greater than 1 cm
- -males:back and chest
- -females: legs and back
-
malignant melanoma diagnostic
- -excisional biopsy
- -dermoscopic exam
-
atypical/dysplastic nevus
- -may be precursur of malignant melanoma
- -high risk for cancer
- -most common site is back
-
atypical/dysplastic nevus described
- -freckles
- -more than 40
- -irregular border
- -notched
- -greater than 5 mm
-
bacterial skin infection from streptococci
- impetigo
- erysipelas
- cellulitis
- lymphangitis
-
bacterial skin infection from s. aureus
- impetigo
- folliculitus
- cellulitis
- furuncles
-
impetigo etiology
associated with poor hygeine, children and low immune
-
impetigo describe
- -face and chin
- -thick honey colored crust
- -erythme
- -pruritic
-
folliculitus etiology
- -in areas subject to friction, rubbing, moisture or oil
- -increased with DM
-
folliculitus describe
- -bacterial infection of hair follicle
- -small pustule at hair folicle
-
furuncle etiology
deep infection around hair follicle
-
furuncle describe
- -tender erythmaceous area around follicle
- -pus, painful
-
carbuncle
multiple furuncles
-
cellulitus etiology
inflamation of SQ tissue
-
cellulitus describe
- hot, tender
- erythmacous and edemacous
- diffused border
- chills, malaise and fever
-
eryspelas etiology
- superficial cellulitus in the dermis
- bacterimia possible
- fever, wbc count, malaise
-
eryspelas describe
red, hot sharply demarcted plaque that is indurated and painful
-
shingles etiology
- -activation of the varicella zoster virus
- -contagious to anyone who has not had varicella or is immuno suppresed
-
shingles description
- -linear
- -grouped vessicles and pustules
- -chickenpox
- -burning, pain, neuralgia
-
shingles meds
- -antiviral
- -silvadene
- -acyclovere
- -gabapentin
- vaccine zostavax >50
-
verruca vulgaris etiology
- -caused by hpv
- -greater in youth and immunosup
-
verruca vulgaris describe
- -circumsized
- -hypertroph
- -flesh colored papule
-
plantar warts etiology
caused by hpv
-
plantar warts describe
- bottom of foot
- grow inward
-
candidiasis etiology
-appears in warm moist areas
-
candidiasis describe
- -white mouth
- -vaginal
- -diffuse papular red rash with pin point lessions around edges
-
tinea cruris etiology
- various dermatophytes
- "jock itch"
-
tinea cruris describe
- -well defined scaly plaque in groin
- -does not affect mucos membrane
-
tinea unguium
- nails
- toenails
- scaliness under distal nail plate
-
bees and wasps
- cool compress
- antipruritic
- antihistamines
-
bedbugs
- chlorocyclohexane
- antihistamine
- corticosteriods
-
pediculosis
- benzene or pyrethins for body
- natroba for scalp
-
-
ticks
- doxcycline or tetracycline
- iv abx
-
allergic contact dermatitis
- absorbed agent acts as antigen
- 2-7 days after contact
- red papules and plaques
-
urticaria
- erythmea and edema
- raised or irregular shaped wheales varying in size
-
wet compress
for superficial skin problems that involve inflamation, itching and infection
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