papillae near the sulcus terminalis
much larger than fungiform or foliate types
numerous taste buds (CN 9)
circumvallate
the depression between the gloss epiglottic folds that contain some taste buds from CN X
Valleculae
general sensation (touch temperature pain) for the anterior two thirds of the tongue
lingual nerve (V3)
taste for the anterior two thirds of the tongue
chorda tympani (CN 7)
general sensation AND taste for the posterior one third of the tongue
lingual branch (CN 9)
general sensation and taste in the valleculate of the tongue
internal laryngeal nerve (CN 10)
motor to all muscles of the tongue (except the palatoglossus--CN 10)
hypoglossal nerve (CN 12)
artery that supplies the dorsum of the tongue
dorsal lingual
artery they supplies the sublingual gland and surrounding muscles (mylohyoid, genioglossus, geniohyoid)
sublingual branch
supplies the lower surface of the tongue
accompanied by the same named vein
deep lingual
what runs with corresponding arteries of the tongue?
veins of the tongue
pulls tongue forward and protrudes it (main protruder)
assists in central furrow during swallowing
CN innervation?
genioglossus
hypoglossal
depresses the tongue
CN innervation?
hypoglossus--muscle attaches to the body and greater horn of
hypoglossal
pulls the tongue upward and backward (pushes bolus of the food into he oropharnyx)
assists in creating central furrow during swallowing
CN innervation?
styloglossus
hypoglossal
depresses the palate
moves palatoglossal arch toward the midline, elevates the back of the tongue
CN innervation?
palatoglossus
VAGUS VIA PHARYNGEAL PLEXUS
^only m of the tongue that isn't innervated by hypoglossal
elevates the hyoid or depresses the mandible
has an intermediate tendon held to hyoid bone by facial sling
innervations?
digastric
anterior belly--mylohyoid nerve
posterior belly--facial nerve
the intermediate tendon of the digastric pierces the insertion of what muscle?
stylohyoid muscle
raises the hyoid and the tongue (swallowing) or depresses the mandible if the hyoid is fixed
anatomical floor of the mouth
innervation?
mylohyoid
Mylohyoid nerve of V3
raises the hyoid or depresses the mandible
innervated by C1 via the hypoglossal nerve
geniohyoid
raises the hyoid and pulls it poseriorly
innervation?
stylohyoid
facial nerve
innervates the cricopharyngeus portion of the interior constrictor muscle (3)
vagus nerve via the pharyngeal plexus
external laryngeal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve
recurrent laryngeal nerve
components of the pharyngeal plexus (3)
pharyngeal branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve
pharyngeal branch of the vans
post gang sympathetic fibers from the superior cervical ganglion
two things in the gap between the superior constrictor and the base of the skull (sinus of morgagni) (2)
fascia that covers this?
auditory tube
levitator of the palate
pharyngobasillar fascia
contents of the gap between the superior and middle constrictors (3)
stylopharngeous m
stylohyoid ligament
glossopharyngeal nerve
contents of the gap between the middle and inferior constrictors (2)
internal laryngeal nerve
superior laryngeal artery
these two things run together and pierce the thyrohoid membrane
contents of the gap inferior to the inferior constrictor (2)
recurrent laryngeal nerve
inferior laryngeal artery (branch of inf. thyroid branch of thyrocervical trunk)
sensory supply of mucous membrane of the nasopharynx
pharyngeal branch of V2
sensory supply of mucous membrane of the oropharynx
glossopharyngeal nerve via the pharyngeal plexus
sensory supply of mucous membrane of the laryngopharynx
vagus nerve via the pharyngeal plexus
note: the internal laryngeal nerve supplies a portion of the mucous membrane on the posterior surface of the larynx
tensor of the palate is innervated by
mandibular division (V3) of the trigeminal
what is the palatine aponeurosis?
the tendon of the tensor of the palate
two functions of the tensor of the palate
tenses the palate making the actions of the other palatine muscles more effective
opens the eustachian tube
if the levator of the palate is not working properly then what will be seen in a clinical exam?
the soft palate will rise up unevenly and will deviate to the normal side
two actions of the palatopharngeous muscle
depress the palate and move the patalopharyngeal arches toward the midline (helps close off the oropharyngeal isthmus)
elevate the pharynx and larynx
depresses the palate and elevates the back of the tongue
palatoglossus
T/F the palatoglossus muscle is innervated by the hypoglossal nerve
FALSE
only tongue muscle not innervated by CN 12
innervated by the vagus
sensory supply of the soft palate
anterior:
posterior:
anterior: lesser palatine and tonsillar branch of the glossopharyngeal
posterior: glossopharyngeal nerve via pharyngeal plexus
principle blood supply to the tonsils
tonsillar branch of the facial artery
lymphatic drainage of the tonsils is primarily to the
jugulodigastric node of the superior deep cervical nodes
the jugulodigastric node is often referred to as the ___ node of the tonsil because its swelling indicates ____
sentinel
tonsilitis
three muscles responsible for closing off the oropharyngeal isthmus
palatoglossus
palatopharyngeus
tensor of the palate
three muscles that close off the pharyngeal isthmus
levator of the palate
tensor of the palate
palatopharyngeal muscle (passavant's ridge)
nerve supply of the auditory tube
tympanic branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve
nerve supply of mucous membrane close to the pharyngeal opening of the auditory tube
pharyngeal branch of the maxillary nerve (V2)
Frontal sinuses
position:
nerve supply (2):
blood supply:
Frontal sinuses
position: posterior to superciliary arches
nerve supply: supraorbital nerve, orbital branches of the maxillary nerve
blood supply: anterior ethmoidal arteries
Maxillary sinuses
position:
nerve supply (2):
blood supply:
position: prominence of the cheek
nerve supply: superior alveolar and infraorbital nerves
blood supply: superior alveolar and infraorbital arteries
ethmoidal sinuses
position:
nerve supply (3):
blood supply:
position: between the orbits and nasal cavities
nerve supply: anterior and posterior ethmoidal nerves, orbital branches of the maxillary nerve
blood supply: anterior and posterior ethmoidal arteries
Sphenoid sinuses
position:
nerve supply (2):
blood supply:
position: body of the sphenoid
nerve supply: posterior ethmoidal nerve, orbital branches of the maxillary nerve
blood supply: posterior ethmoidal artery
Maxillary sinus drains into the
middle meatus (via semilunar hiatus)
frontal sinus drains into the
middle meatus (infundibulum via frontonasal duct)
anterior and middle ethmoidal air cells drain into the
middle meatus
posterior ethmoidal air cells drain into the
superior meatus
sphenoid sinuses drain into the
sphenoethmoidal recess
nasolacrimal duct drains into the
inferior meatus
where does lymphatic drainage for the following occur:
gingiva for lower incisors
submental nodes
where does lymphatic drainage for the following occur:
gingiva for teeth other than lower incisors
submandibular nodes
where does lymphatic drainage for the following occur:
hard palate
most anterior part of the hard palate
upper deep cervical nodes
most anterior part drains to the submandibular nodes
where does lymphatic drainage for the following occur (2):
soft palate
retropharyngeal and upper deep cervical nodes
where does lymphatic drainage for the following occur:
floor of mouth
upper deep cervical nodes
some drains to submental and submandibular nodes
where does lymphatic drainage for the following occur:
palatine
jugulodigastric node
where does lymphatic drainage for the following occur:
apical portion of the tongue (drains tip of tongue) (2)
submental and jugulo-omohyoid nodes
where does lymphatic drainage for the following occur:
marginal tongue (2)
submandibular and upper deep cerivcal
where does lymphatic drainage for the following occur:
base of tongue
bilaterally to upper deep cervical nodes
where does lymphatic drainage for the following occur:
central tongue (4)
bilaterally to:
submental
submandibular
upper deep cerivical
lower deep cervical
where does lymphatic drainage for the following occur:
teeth
submandibular nodes (everything but lower incisors which drain via the submental nodes)
