lab 3

What is a "non-woody" plant or grass?

Do woody plants have both primary and secondary growth?

What effect does secondary growth have on a tree?

What is the primary function of the root system?

What is the primary function of the shoot system?

Does the internode get larger or smaller toward the apex of the stem? Why?

Where is the terminal bud of a stem?

Where is the axillary bud?

What is the wide/ flattened are of the leaf that's used for photosynthesis?

What is the short stem that attaches the leaf to the main stem?

What are the 3 specialized tissue systems in plants?

Tissue system that contains epidermal cells that make up the epidermis, and is the outer covering of woody plants

Tissue system that forms bulk of the plant; includes the cortex, pith, and mesophyll

Tissue system that consists of xylem and phloem

Contains hollow cells that transport water and minerals

Contains sieve-tube members that transport organic nutrients

Type of root that emerges from the seed and grows down

Type of root formed from the primary root system; absorbs water/minerals, and anchors the plant

Root system that absorbs water in a horizontal direction, and provides adaptive advantages in a rain forest

Root system that enable plants to anchor better, and provide adaptive advantages in dry places

Monocots: (4)

Dicots (4)

Is the lilium plant a monocot or eudicot(dicot)? What characteristics of the leaves and petals identify it as such?

When we peel an orange before eating it, what tissue are we removing?

What tissue of the orange is primarily being consumed?

What is the pit that is found in fruits such as cherries or peaches?

Outgrowths of epidermal cells that increase the surface area of the root

Lubricant that is secreted by the root cap so that the root may force its way through the soil

Starch containing plastids

What is the outer layer of cells that covers the stem and is coated by the cuticle?

What is the area right inside of the endodermis? What can this structure produce?

Water-conducting cells in the xylem of angosperms

Thin areas of tracheids where the cell walls of adjacent cells overlap

Conducting cells in phloem that are alive at maturity; usually stained green

Part of the stem that produces young leaves that attach to the stem at the node

The section between the young leaf and the stem that forms a branch or a flower

Contains the apical meristem, is at the stern tip, and is surrounded by bud scales

What occurs after leaves are shed at nodes along the length of the stem?

What is visible within the leaf scars?

Waterproof substance that coats the epidermis

Where is food stored in the stem? (2)

Sclerenchyma fibers (3)

What is the significance of coating the epidermis in cutin?

How does the arrangement of xylem and phloem in stems differ from that in roots?

Meristematic tissue between the phloem and the xylem of woody eudicots

Growth that results in the increase in thickness of a plant

Growth that causes the increase in length of a plant

How do you account for this seasonal production of different sized cells?

What is teh common name for secondary xylem?

What is "grain" in wood?

Aside from conducting water and minerals, what is another important function of secondary xylem?

Pores contained in the epidermis that are surrounded by two guard cells

Cells below the upper epidermis that are closely packed and contain about 50 chloroplasts per cell

Cells below the palisade layer that have numerous intercellular spaces

What is the function of the stomata?

Do epidermal cells of leaves have a cuticle? Why is this important?

What are the functions of ar spaces near the lower surface of the leaf?

Based on the arrangement of vascular tissue, how could you distinguish the upper versus lower surfaces of a leaf?

Flowering plants

What is a characteristic of angiosperms? They have an adaptation for effective pollination

What are the main function of the sepal and the petals?

What four parts make up a "complete" flower?

Outer ring of a flower that protects the developing flower when it is a bud

Male flower structures  that produce pollen grains

Where on the flower is the pollen produced?

What is the structure of the flower that supports the anthers?

Female flower structures that produce female gametophytes

What is the structure at the top of the carpel that receives the pollen?

What is the structure of the flower that encloses the ovules; found at the base of the carpel?

What is a vegetable? (2)

Group of simple fruits that are joined together when a single flower has numerous ovaries attached to the same flower

What kind of fruit is a single ovary from a single flower?