-
leaves have blunt tip
stipules at node
stalked buds
- Alnus serrulata (finely saw-toothed)
- Betulaceae (Birch); smooth alder
- *Fruit: nutlet or samara
- Fixes Nitrogen!
- planted in wetland restoration by pushing branches into ground
-
smooth, fluted (striated) bark
alt, simple, double serrated, glabrous leaves
- Carpinus caroliniana (from Carolina)
- Betulaceae (Birch); musclewood
- *Fruit: nutlet (tiny w/ 3-pronged bract)
- Extremely dense wood
- used for splitting wedges and tool handles
- occasionally used in landscaping
-
heart-shaped leaves
dark 4" pod w/ points at both ends
- Cercis canadensis (from Canada)
- Leguminosae or Fabaceae (Pea family)
- *Fruit: legume
- commonly used in landscaping
-
shrub in moist soils
tan pith in light wood
latex in leaf veins
- Cornus amomum
- Cornaceae; silky dogwood
- used in wetland restoration
-
multi-stem
Leaf accute(sharp)-accuminate(long tapered tip), pubescent both sides
leaf size varies
- Corylus americana (of America)
- Betulaceae (Birch); hazelnut
- *Fruit: nut (filbert!)
- eaten by wild turkey, songbirds, humans
-
sloppy cobbles on bark
leaves opposite, pinnately compound, 5-9 leaflets/leaf
bud looks like phillips head screwdriver
- Fraxinus americana Oleaceae; white ash
- *Fruit: samara
- dioecious
- wood valuable commercially for furn, sports equip (hockey sticks, bats), long handled tools (hoes, rakes)
- beavers eat inner bark (phloem)
- sometimes used in landscaping
-
evergreen, lanceolate leaf with sharp serrulate margin
twigs green for many years
- Leucothoe fontanesianaEricaceae (Heath); dog-hobble
- sometimes used in landscaping
-
bark has flat ridges
symmetric leaf
hooked samara
- Liriodendron tulipifera (bearing tulips)
- Magnoliaceae (Magnolia); yellow-poplar
- *Fruit: aggregate of samaras
- low seed viability (10%)
- bee tree (dark honey)
- wood sold as yellow-poplar, used in hardwood plywood, furn, and interior "plys" of pine plywood
- songbirds eat fruit in winter
- sometimes used in landscaping
-
alt. umbrella leaves
2-3" bud
encircling stipular scar
- Magnolia tripetala (3-petaled)
- Magnoliaceae (Magnolia); umbrella tree
- *Fruit: aggregate of follicles
- songbirds eat red fleshy seeds
-
ski trails
fat man wearing beret nut
sinus doesn't extend 1/2 way from lobe to midvein
leaves block a lot of light
- Quercus rubra (red)
- Fagaceae; northern red oak
- *Fruit: nut (acorn w/ flat cap)
- extremely valuable lumber species (esp. in Western NC)
- used for molding, furn, floors, pulp.
- wildlife value similar to other red oaks
-
evergreen, alt (look whorled) leaves
distinct bracts around bud
- Rhododendron maximum (largest)
- Ericaceae; rhododendron
- fruit: capsule
- foliage and bark poisonous to eat
- smoke toxic
-
small alt. leaves looked whorled
ciliate margins
broad spacing between branches(I think)
- Rhododendron sp.
- Ericaceae; wild azalea
- fruit; capsule
-
shrub
leaves alt. pinnately compound 5-9 leaflets
serrate
fringed stipules
twigs green for several years
prickles point backwards
- Rosa multiflora (many-flowered)
- Rosaceae; multiflora rose
- *Fruit: achene (borne in a red hip)
- Native to China
- formerly planted as living fence, but escaped, invasive
- provides nesting/escape for birds and small mammals
- hips eaten in winter by deer, game birds, rabbits
- hips can be brewed into tea.
-
small tree
dark "steel gray" bark
often leaning
leaves alt. simple, denticulate, fuzzy underneath
- Styrax grandifolius (large-leafed)
- Styraceae; bigleaf snowbell, storax
- Fruit: capsule
-
Flat branches
tiny, upside-down leaves parallel to twigs
1" cone looks closed, even when open
- Tsuga canadensis (of Canada)
- Pinaceae; eastern hemlock
- *Fruit: cone w/ flat scales: ~1" long
- wood has little commercial value today
- used in landscaping
- bark formerly used in tanning leather
-
hemlock w/ non-flat branches
1.5" cone
cone looks more open when open (90 deg. scales)
- Tsuga caroliniana (of Carolina)
- Pinaceae; Carolina hemlock
- *Fruit: cone w/ flat scales, ~1.5" long
- almost exclusive to western NC
-
hemlock from west
- Tsuga heterophylla (variously leaved)
- Pinaceae; western hemlock
- *Fruit: cone w/ flat scales (similar to eastern hemlock)
- fast growing conifer in Pacific NW and inland Empire
- wood commercially valuable: lumber and pulpwood
- grown in plantations
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