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FUROSEMIDE
1st line of defense for HTN
K+ wasting
monitor/teach: BP, K+ levels 3.5-5, and urine output, daily weight
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HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE
1st line of defense for HTN
K+ wasting
monitor/teach: BP, K+ levels 3.5-5, and urine output, daily weight
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SPIRONOLACTONE
K+ sparing diuretic (HTN)
I promote K+ retention
monitor/teach: I&O, electrolytes, and daily weight, take in AM with food, may cause cramping
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CAPTOPRIL
ACE inhibitor (HTN)
monitor/teach: stand or change position slowly, dry cough, angioedema, K+ levels, hyperkalemia
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LOSARTAN
ARB (HTN)
monitor BP, less risk for angioedema
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VERAPAMIL
CCB (HTN or angina)
don't take me with alcohol, grapefruit juice and limit caffeine
assess I&O, BP, P, and weight
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HYDRALAZINE
Used to treat HTN and heart failure
monitor/teach: decrease BP by arteriolar dilation, s/s of reflex tachycardia, increase blurry vision, monitor BP, P, and rise slowly, s/s of hypotension
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PROPRANOLOL
used for HTN
monitor and teach BP and HR
often causes bradycardia and hypotension
don't stop abruptly
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METOPROLOL
used to HTN
monitor and teach BP and HR
often causes bradycardia and hypotension
don't stop abruptly
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CLONIDINE
I am a CNS depress to treat HTN
I lower BP, HR, and cardiac output
can be addictive, take at QHS (sleepy)
may cause xerostomia
do not stop abruptly
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PRAZOSIN
I dilate arterioles and veins
only approved for HTN
watch for hypotension and tachycardia
teach to dangle and take at night
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DIGOXIN
I am for heart failure and Afib
I increase cardiac output and slow down HR
take apical pulse for 1 full minute prior to administation
watch for pulse <60
teach patient to take pulse, if <60 or >100 notify PCP
s/s toxicity, dig level
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DOPAMINE
used for emergency situations
I increase cardiac output and improve tissue perfusion in shock and heart failure
monitor cardiac, renal, and fluid status
no MAOI
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AMIODARONE
used for dysrhythmias
approved only for ventricular dysrhythmia
I can cause serious pulmonary toxicity
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LOVASTATIN
I am used to treat high cholesterol
I help make your LDLs heavenly high (HDL)
I cause muscle injury (rhabdomyolosis) is a common side effect
teach to take for life, muscle cramps, no smoking, good diet and exercise
I am taking FOR LIFE
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CHOLESTYRAMINE
I lower LDL cholesterol
you may mix with water, fruit juice, or soups
because I am a powder I could cause esophageal irritation
watch for abdominal pain and bloating
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NITROGLYCERIN
I am the first response to angina
can be taken 3 times within 5 min intervals, be sure to wear gloves when handling me
I may cause dizziness, hypotension, and headache
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HEPARIN
I am the first line of defense for emergent clotting
I am used to treat emergent clotting and prevent clots during surgeries
s/s bleeding, potential fatal, heparin-induced thrombocyopenia, allergy (chills, fever, rash)
my reversal is PROTAMINE SULFATE
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ENOXAPARIN
I am given for thrombosis
I can cause bruising, blood in stool, cyanosis, increased HR, hypotension, bleeding gums and little red dots
my reversal is PROTAMINE SULFATE
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WARFARIN
I help reduce blood clots by slowing down your body's process of making clots
obtain baseline values of vitals, PT and INR should be monitored frequently INR 2-3 (thicker-thinner)
no aspirin or similar drugs, monitor for hemorrhage (stop med and notify PCP)
my reversal is VITAMIN K
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RIVAROXABAN
I am an oral anticoagulant
I can put you at risk for bleeding
there is no reversal for me expect TIME
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ASPIRIN
I am the first line of defense for ischemic stoke, cardiac events, and TIA
I am given to inhibit platelet aggression, monitor RBC, WBC, and platelets
hold for GI ulcers and bleeding, children under 12, and 7-10 days prior to surgeries
325mg or 81mg
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CLOPIDOGREL
I am and oral antiplatelet with effects like aspirin
I can treat thrombosis of the arteries
watch out for increase bleeding
I am used for life
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ALTEPLASE (TPA)
I am given within the first 3 hours of an ischemic stroke to bust clots in the arteries
I can also treat MI, clear pick lines and fistulas
teach BP, HR, and increased bleeding
not for hemorrhage patient
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