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ego-dystonic
patient knows that there is something wrong
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ego-syntonic
patient has no idea something is going on
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5 purposes of classification
- provides nomenclature for the practitioners
- basis for organization and retrieving info
- describes common patterns of symptom presentation
- provides a basis for making predictions about person’s clinical course and response to treatment
- forms basis for development of theories
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symptoms
experienced by the patient, self-reported
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signs
issues observed by others
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syndrome
when signs and symptoms co-occur frequently
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disorder
a pattern of symptoms and signs that includes an implied impact on the functioning of an individual
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disease
a condition with a known etiology + known path from the causal agent to the symptoms and signs
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classifying the person vs. the disorder
- the person — implies they are part of the a category that is unchanging
- the disorder — implies the disorder is something that happens to an individual
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advantages and disadvantages of categorical system
- advantages — more black and white, easy to use, consistent with biological and medical classification systems
- disadvantages — result in the loss of some info, some boundaries are arbitrary
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