-
RAS
- -facilitates reflex and voluntary mvmt
- -controls cortical activities r/t state of awareness
-
hypothalamus
- -controls sleep/wake
- -suprachaiasmastic nucleous nerve cells control rythym of sleep wake cycle and coord w/ circaidain ryhtm
-
neurotransmitters
- -catecholamines such as NE(RAS)
- -hypocretins(orexins): promote wakefulness and REM(hypothalamus)
- -prostaglandin d2 and tryptophan control sleep
-
process s
regulates length and depth of sleep
-
process c
- circaidian
- biological time clock
-
circaidian rythyms
- -scn in hypothalamus
- -influence pattern of biological and behavioral function
- -24 hr cycle
- -body temp, bp, hr, sensory acuity, mood
-
stages of sleep
NREM and REM
-
NREM
- -4 stages
- -90 min cycle
- -1 &2- easily aroused
- - 3&4- depper, slow wave
-
REM
phase at the end of cycle
-
sleep cycle
- pre sleep
- after slepp
- cyclical pattern
-
pre sleep
- - 10-30 min
- gradual sleepiness
-
after sleep
- 4 or 5 sleep cycles
- each with 4 stages and REM
- each cycle is 90-100 min
-
cyclical pattern
- 1-4 NREM
- reversal 4, 3, 2
- ends with REM
- REM occurs 90 min in
-
NREM
body tissue restoration
-
REM
- brain tissue, cognitive, and memory restoration
- epinephrine released
-
dyssomnias
- insomnia or excessive sleepiness
- insomnia
- hypersomnia
- narcolespsy
- sleep apnea
- restless leg syndrome
- sleep deprivation
-
-
hypersomnia
sleep to often, daytime sleepy, circaidian rythm
-
narcolepsy
- "hypersomnia"
- uncontrolled falling asleep
-
sleep apnea
- "hypersomnia"
- pause in breathing while asleep, 10 sec or longer, obstructive, obese and hypertension
-
restless leg syndrom
before sleep onset, cns disorder
-
sleep deprivation
illness, stress, meds, environment, work
-
treatment for sleep probs
- -first step should be therapy and sleep hygiene
- -sedatives and hypnotics
- -stimuli control
- -sleep restriction
- relax
- -DOES NOT INTEND TO HELP WITH REM SLEEP
-
parasomnias
- more common in children
- walking behavior during sleep
- somnambulism
- bruxism
- enurisis
-
somnabulism
sleep walk or sleep talk
-
-
enurisis
bet wet, eating disorder
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