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What is Hgb H disease?
- alpha thalassemia, --/-a
- B4 hbg
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What are telltale characteristics of hereditary spherocytosis?
Increased osmotic fragility, MCHC>36%, extravascular hemolysis
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What type of hemolysis is associated with sickle cell disease?
Normocytic, normochromic
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What is the structural mutation seen in sickle cell anemia?
Valine substituted for glutamic acid at the 6th position of the B chain
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What is PNH?
- Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
- A stem cell disorder resulting in abnormalities of the red cell membrane.
- Intravascular hemolysis, hemolytic anemia
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-cytopenia
abnormally low levels
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-cytosis
abnormally high levels
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What is PCH?
- Paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria
- AKA cold agglutinin
- High MCV and low RBCs
- Anti-P antibody present
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What is thalassemia major?
- Most severe form of Beta thalassemia
- Both genes are abnormal
- B0/B0, B+/B0, B+/B+
- decreased osmotic fragility
- Microcytic, hypochromis anemia
- Primarily see primarily Hgb F
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What kind of cells do you generally see auer rods in?
- Granulocytes (neuts, eos, basos) and monocytes
- Not typically seen in lymphocytes
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What is a normal M:E ratio vs what is seen in leukemia?
4:1 vs. 10:1
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What are the common signs of ALL?
hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, fever, animia and thrombocytopenia. PAS + lymphoblasts
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What does peroxidase/sudan black B positive staining point to?
- Myeloid precursors +
- lymphoid precursors -
- selectively identifies phospholipid in membranes of primary and secondary granules
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What kind of cell is associated with Hodgkin's disease?
Reed-Sternberg cells
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What is PV?
- Polycythemia vera
- Pancytosis due to decreased plasma volume
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What does the Ph chromosome indicate?
Often points to CML with a better prognosis
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What are common characteristics of CML?
- Low LAP score
- Increase in WBCs, esp basos and eos
- PB will have presences of granulocytes at different stages
- Splenomegaly
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What are characteristics associated with multiple myeloma?
- Plasma cell cancer
- Rouleaux, Marrow plasmacytosis, lytic bone lesions, M component
- inappropraite production of useless immunoglobulin- Monoclonal gammopathy
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What is waldenstroms macrogloulinemia?
malignancy of the lymphoplasmacytoid cells
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