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distribution of body fluids: total body water (TBW)
- intracellular fluid 2/3
- extracellular fluid 1/3
- -Interstitial fluid
- -Intravascular fluid
- -Other: Lymph, synovial, intestinal, CSF, sweat, urine, pleural, peritoneal, pericardial, and intraocular fluids
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fluid that's in between the cells
intracellular fluid
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fluid in the blood vessels
extraceullular fluid
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osmosis
movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration
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what is the role of Na and K in osmotic balance?
- Na+ responsible for ECF osmotic pressure
- K+ responsible for the ICF osmotic balance
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osmolality
solutes/particles per kg of water. Normal serum 275-295 milomo per L
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Osmotic pressure
pulling pressure
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Oncotic pressure
osmotic pressure of plasma proteins
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Hydrostatic pressure
pushing pressure against cell membrane or vessel wall (blood pressure causes this)
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Fluid Movement between plasma and interstitial fluid: forces favoring filtration
- *capillary hydrostatic pressure
- *interstitial oncotic pressure
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Fluid Movement between plasma and interstitial fluid: reabsorption
- *plasma oncotic pressure
- *interstitial hydrostatic pressure
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edema
accumulation of fluid within the interstitial spaces
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causes of edema
- * increase in capillary hydrostatic pressure
- * decrease in plasma oncotic pressure
- * increase in capillary permeability•Lymph obstruction (lymphedema)
- *Localized vs. generalized
- *pitting edema
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Localized
Generalized
- in one area of the body.
- Anywhere in the body
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pitting edema
when you push into a patients skin and it leaves the push mark. Measure after
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ADH and Aldosterone affect water balance: Natriuretic peptides
- *ADH and BNP are released when there is an increase in volume
- •Natural antagonist to RAAS
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ADH (Antidiuretic hormone) is the
- tap water hormone.
- *Causes the kidney to resorb water.
- *Renal reabsorption of water due to ADH makes a smaller volume of urine
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BNP
ADH
- B type nytriatic peptide (ventricles produced there)
- Antidiuretic hormone (produced; heart)
- diuretic= stops you from urinating
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Aldosterone is the
- salt water
- •Causes the kidneys to reabsorb sodium and water
- •Renal reabsorption of sodium and water due to aldosterone makes a smaller volume of urin
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ADH and BNP are both released when
there is an increase in volume
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Tonicity
- •The osmotic pressure of two solutions separated by a semipermeable membrane
- •Used to describe the cell’s response to an external solution
- •Influenced by solutes that can not cross the membrane
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