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Primary bonds -
Strong bonds with elecronic attraction; ionic bonds, covalent bonds, metallic bonds
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Secondary bonds -
Weaker bonds than primary bonds; hydrogen bonds, van der Waals forces, London Dispersion Forces
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Brittleness -
The hardness, and likelihood of breaking or cracking, of a material
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Density -
The measure of the weight of a material compared with its volume
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Hardness -
The resistance of a solid to penetration
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ultimate strength -
the maximum amount of stress a material can withstand without breaking
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Elasticity -
The ability of a material to recover its shape completely after deformation from an applied force
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Stiffness -
A materials resistance to deformation
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Proportional limit -
The greatest stress a structure can withstand without permanent deformation
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resilience -
The ability of a material to absorb energy without permanent deformation
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Toughness -
The ability of a material to resist fracture
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Ductility -
The ability of an object to be pulled or stretched under tension without rupture
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Malleability -
The ability to be compressed and formed into a thin sheet without rupture
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Edge strength -
The strength of a material at fine margins
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Durability -
The ability of a material to withstand damage due to pressure or wear
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Viscosity -
The ability of a liquid material to resist flow
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Thixotropic -
Liquids that flow more readily under mechanical force
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Direct restorative materials -
Restorations placed directly into a cavity preparation
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Indirect restorative materials -
Materials used to fabricate restorations outside the mouth that are subsequently placed into the mouth
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Permanent restorations -
Restorations that are expected to be long-lasting
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Temporary restorations -
Restorations expected to last several weeks to months
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Mixing time -
The amount of time allotted to bring the components of a material together into a homogeneous mix
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Working time -
The time permitted to place and manipulate the material in the mouth
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Initial set time -
The time at which the material can no longer be manipulated in the mouth
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Final set time -
The time at which the material has reached its ultimate state
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Chemical set materials -
Materials that set through a timed chemical reaction with the combination of a catalyst and base
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Light-activated materials -
Materials that require a blue light source to initiate reaction
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Dual set materials -
Materials that polymerize when the materials is initiated by exposure to a blue light source and then continue with a chemical set reaction
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Shelf life -
The useful life of a material before it deteriorates or changes in quality
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