Lesions of the Cerebellum, Basal Ganglia, Thalamus and Hypothalamus

Lesions that are characterized by awkwardness of intentional movements

Lesions that are characterized by meaningless unintentional movements occurring unexpectedly

Lesions in one cerebellar hemisphere gives rise to signs and symptoms that are limited to the ______ _____ of the body

True/False: acute and chronic cerebellar lesions signs and symptoms are similar in nature
True False

What is plasticity?

The following are characteristic of what disorders?

Ataxia--Intermittent, jerky, poorly coordinated movements

Dysmetria (past pointing)--overshooting the goal when reaching toward of an object

Dysdiadochokinesia--inability to perform alternating movement regularly and rapidly (example: patient asked to pronate and supinate rapidly and the movements are jerky and slow and incomplete on the side of the lesion)

Intention tremor--tremor occurs when fine movements are attempted

What are the two types of basal ganglia disorders?

The following are characteristic of what disorders?

Chorea--sudden, jerky and purposeless movements

Huntington's disease

Parkinson's disease

The following are characteristic of what basal ganglia disorder?

Choreiform movements--first appear as involuntary movements of the extremities and twitching of the face (facial grimacing), later more muscle groups are involved so that the patient is immobile and unable to speak or swallow

Progressive dementia occurs with the loss of memory and intellectual capacity

The following are characteristic of what basal ganglia disorder?

deterioration of the substantial nigra and reduction of the release of dopamine, tremor (unintentional), bradykinesis (slowness of movement), difficulty in initiating and performing new movement (akinesia), movements are slow, face is expressionless, voice is slurred and swinging of the arms is lost, patient walks with a stoop and arms flexed and walks by taking short steps and is unable to stop

Damage to the _____ and ______ will results in the loss of all forms of sensation, including light touch, tactile localization, and discrimination and muscle joint sense from the opposite side of the body

Sensory loss usually results from thrombosis or hemorrhage of one of the arteries supplying the...

spontaneous pain, which is often excessive and occurs on the opposite side of the body as the infarct

Lesions of the hypothalamus can cause problems with the following (7)