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A state of internal balance - the optimal range of temperature, blood pressure etc...
Homeostasis
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All body systems working together to maintain a stable internal environment. The driving force
Homeostatic Regulation
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Receptor (detects the stimulus), Control Center (process signal, sends instructions), Effector (makes the change)
3 components of a homeostatic feedback loop
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Autoregulation (intrinsic regulation). LOCAL
Maintained within.
Mechanism of Homeostatic Regulation
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Extrinsic regulation. OUTSIDE.
Mechanism of Homeostatic Regulation
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COMMON...Reducing a disturbance. Brings it back to stable (homeostasis)
Role of Negative Feedback
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UNCOMMON...domino affect. One thing causes more
Role of Positive Feedback
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Homeostasis can happen from the cellular level all the way to the organismal level of organization
Negative and Positive Feedback
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If Homeostasis fails result is disease or death
Negative and Positive Feedback
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the study of the location of structures on or near the body surface
Superficial Anatomy (surface)
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references to palpable structures (touchable)
Anatomical Landmarks
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arms at side, palms forward, feet together
Anatomical Position
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lying down, face up
Supine
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lying down, face down
Prone
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4 divisions. Used by patients to describe aches, pains, injuries.
Abdominopelvic quadrants
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9 divisions. preferred by Anatomists to refer to a more specific area
Abdominopelvic Region
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Front/back
Anterior/Posterior
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Belly/back
Ventral/Dorsal
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Top/bottom
Superior/inferior
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Head/tailbone
Cranial/Caudal
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Midline/side
Medial/Lateral
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Near the trunk/distant from the trunk
Proximal/Distal
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Towards the body surface/away from the body surface
Superficial/Deep
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3 dimensional axis that we use to define sections is called a
Plane
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Frontal Plane, Sagittal Plane, Transverse
3 main planes used in anatomy
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divides the body parallel into Anterior and Posterior
Frontal Plane
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divides the body parallel into left and right
Sagittal Plane
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divides body into equal left and right sections down the midline
Midsagittal
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not along the midline. away from the center
Parasagittal
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divides the body perpendicular into superior and inferior sections
Transverse
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contains digestive, urinary and reproductive organs
abdominopelvic cavity
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The__________ is a combination of an abdominal cavity above the hip bones and a pelvic cavity with the hip bones
Abdominopelvic Cavity
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In order to describe the relationship between multiple landmarks or regions, there is a defined _________________
Anatomical Position
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most of the cavity is lined by a serous membrane called the...
Peritoneum
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found within the abdomin
Peritoneal cavity
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peritoneum lines the __________
Abdominpelvic cavity
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Pleura is found around each
lung
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found around the heart
Pericardium
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found around
the digestive, urinary and reproductive organs
peritoneum
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serous membranes in the body include
Pleura, Pericardium, Peritoneum
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All serous membranes consist of these 2 layers
Parietal & Visceral
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which layer lines the cavity
Parietal
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which layer touches organs
Visceral
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covers each lung
Visceral Pleura
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lines each pleural cavity
Parietal Pleura
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