Viral Infections

Tamiflu

Tamiflu: 75mg BID x 5 days

Tamiflu: 75mg daily x 10 days

Rapivab

Relenza

These two neuraminidase inhibitors require renal dose adjustment

Concerns/warnings with neuraminidase inhibitors

This neuraminidase inhibitor is an inhaler and should not be used in asthma/COPD or with any breathing problems

This neuraminidase inhibitor is only available as an IV injection

Common side effect of this neuraminidase inhibitor is N/V/D, abdominal pain

To be effective, these should be started within 48 hours of illness onset

Flumadine

Due to resistance, it's not rec'd for influenza prophylaxis and treatment of influenza A

This herpes simplex virus (HSV) is most commonly associated with oropharyngeal disease

This herpes simplex virus (HSV) is associated more closely with genital disease

After occurrence of this virus infection, the virus lies dormant in the nerve root and can later cause herpes zoster infection, referred to as shingles

Zovirax, Sitavig

Valtrex

Famvir

Zovirax cream and Sitavig are used for this

Infuse this antiviral agent over at least 1 hr and maintain adequate hydration to reduce risk of renal tubular damage

Side effects of antivirals for HSV and varicella zoster virus include N/V/D, malaise, headache, elevated LFTs, especially increased seizure risk and elevated SCr with this IV agent

Abreva

Denavir

Apply this OTC topical agent 5x daily at first sign of outbreak, and continue until healed

Apply this Rx topical agent 5x daily x 4 days. It can also be used on genital sores

Apply this Rx 50mg buccal tablet as a single dose to the upper gum region

Apply this Rx topical agent every 2 hrs during waking hours x 4 days

Antiviral therapy should be initiated at the earliest sign or symptoms of this and is most effective when started within 72 hrs of onset of rash

These 3 antivirals options are used for treatment of shingles

This double-stranded DNA virus occurs in advanced immunocompromised states and most commonly causes retinitis, colitis, or esophagitis

These 2 antivirals are treatment of choice for CMV

These 2 antivirals are reserved for refractory cases of CMV

Ganciclovir IV should be prepared in _____ and not _____

The suspension formulation of this antiviral should be refrigerated and discard after 49 days

This antiviral agent can cause retinal detachment, routine eye exam should be considered

Side effects of ganciclovir and valganciclovir include N/V/D, fever, anorexia and these, which is why CBC w/differential, platelets should be monitored

Cidofovir (Vistide) has BOX warning for this, patient should receive hydration before each dose

Foscarnet (Foscavir) has BOX warning for renal impairment and this, which is due to electrolyte imbalances

The infection of this virus is called "mononucleosis" or "mono".  Transmitted through bodily fluids (primarily saliva), and can spread by kissing.  Symptoms include fever, fatigue, sore throat, swollen lymph nodes.  No drug treatment or vaccine exists. Usually resolve in 2-4 weeks