A macromolecule is composed of smaller units called...
monomers
Which of the following is not a macromolecule...
B. nucleotide
A __ is a basic unit of a carbohydrate...
monosacharide
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS that are composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio are called...
sugars
STARCH and CELLULOSE are ALIKE in that both are...
contain non-polar, fatty acid side chains
A carbohydrate (polysaccharide) that is formed by plants and used later by the plant as a reserve food supply and made of only glucose molecules covalently bonded together is...
starch
A CARBOHYDRATE (polyscaccharide) that makes PLANT CELLS and tissues STRUCTURALLY RIGID is:
cellulose
In a lipid bilayer ___ tails point inward and form a region that excludes water.
hydrophobic
What type of LIPIDS are found in ALL biologoical MEMBRANES?
phospholipids
Amino acids are the building blocks for...
proteins
The sequence of amino acids is the _____ structure of proteins.
primary
Of the following functional groups, which in is known as the AMINO GROUP?
A. -NH2
Nucleotides are building blocks for...
RNA
Nucleotides contain ____ sugars.
five-carbon sugars
DNA and RNA are examples of which FAMILY of BIOLOGICAL MOLECULES?
nucleic acids
Nucleotides are composed of a(an): A. AMINO ACID, B. NITROGEN-CONTAINING BASE, C. FATTY ACID, D. 5-CARBON SUGAR, and E. PHOSPHATE MOLECULE...
B. Nitrogen-containing base
D. 5-carbon sugar
E. phosphate molecule
Which type of energy transformation occurs in photosynthesis?
light to chemical
The potential energy of organic molecules is most readily available to cells in the form of...
ATP
What could be used to monitor the rate of photosynthesis in a plant?
oxygen production
Respiration take place in the...
mitochondria
Fermentation of glucose by yeast produces...
ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide
Aerobic cellular respiration requires an adequate supply of...
oxygen
What gas is given off during cellular respiration?
carbon dioxide
Two reactants that are used in the process of photosynthesis are...
water and carbon dioxide
Carbon dioxide is converted into carbohydrates during the...
Calvin Cycle
Name the four biological macromolecules...
1.
2.
3.
4.
1. carbohydrate
2. lipid
3. protein
4. nucleic acid
What are the elements and element ratio for the macromolecule, carbohydrate?
(CHO) Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen
1:2:1
What are the elements for the macromolecule, lipids?
(CHO) Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen
What are the elements for the the macromolecule, protein?
(CHON)
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Nitrogen
What are the elements for the macromolecule, nucleic acids?
(CHONP)
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, and Phosphorus
What is the function for the macromolecule, carbohydrates?
-high quick energy
-short term energy storage
-structure in energy walls (cells)
What is the function for the macromolecule, lipids?
-insulation
-store energy
-some are important parts of biological membranes
-waterproof coverings
-long term energy
-cusions organs
What is the function for the macromolecule, protein?
-muscle building
-enzymes
-growth and repair
-fights diseases
What is the function for the macromolecule, nucleic acids?
-genetic information
-instructions for proteins
What is the monomer/polymer for the macromolecule, carbohydrates?
(Monomer)
Monossacharide
Ex. glucose
(Polymer)
Polysacharide
Ex. starch
What is the monomer/polymer for the macromolecule, lipids?
(Monomer)
Triacylglycerosis
Ex. fatty meats
(Polymer)
Glycerol
Ex. vegetables
What is the monomer/polymer for the macromolecule, proteins?
(Monomer)
Polypeptide
Ex. amalin
(Polymer)
Amino Acid
Ex. lean meat
What is the monomer/polymer for the macromolecule, nucleic acids?
(Monomer)
Nucleotide
Ex. yeast extract
(Polymer)
Polynucleotide
Ex. DNA and RNA
Give at least three examples of the macromolecule, carbohydrates.
-Glycogen (Glycogen is a multibranched polysaccharide of glucose that serves as a form of energy storage in humans, animals, fungi, and bacteria.)
-Chitin (a primary component of cell walls in fungi, the exoskeletons of arthropods, such as crustaceans and insects)
-Cellulose (an insoluble substance that is the main constituent of plant cell walls and of vegetable fibers such as cotton.)
-Glucose (a type of sugar you get from foods you eat, and your body uses it for energy.)
-Fructose (found in fruit, honey, and corn syrup used in soft drink and food production)
-Glactose (not usually found in nature but exists mostly as a unit of the disaccharide lactose which is found in nature)
-Sucrose (table sugar)
-Lactose (primary sugar found in milk and milk products)
-Maltose (commonly used in the production of alcohols)
Give at least three examples of the macromolecule, nucleic acids...
-RNA (mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA)
-DNA
Give at least three examples of the macromolecule, proteins...
-Hemoglobin (carries oxygen in blood)
-Antibodies
-Keratin (forms hair and finger nails)
Give at least three examples of the macromolecule, lipids...
-cooking oils (such as olive, corn, and canola oil)
-butter
-cholesteral
-steroids (know)
-fats
-waxes
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Author
dearmaria1
ID
337288
Card Set
Biology Semester Test (Study Guide)pt. 5
Description
Fear keeps us focused on the past or worried about the future. If we can acknowledge our fear, we can realize that right now we are okay. Right now, today, we are still alive, and our bodies are working marvelously. Our eyes can still see the beautiful sky. Our ears can still hear the voices of our loved ones. Thich Nhat Hanh
