intro to Islam Final

  1. First Sunni caliph
    Mu'awiyah
  2. second shi'I imam son of ali
    Hassan b.‘Ali
  3. ‘Alī b. Abī Ṭālib
    first shii imam
  4. Husayn b.‘Alī
    third shi'I imam, famous because of Kurbula battle
  5. Muhammad b. Ismail
    son of Sha'far al-Sadiq who was the 6th Shi'I imam, becomes the asas of the ismaili branch of shiism
  6. Asās
    Foundation of the different branches of shiism
  7. Ismail
    • 6th shii imam
    • 6th of twelver
    • Died before
    • father
    • He had a son



  8. nātiq/ṣāmit
    • nātiq-someone who brings an open and clear message/
    • ṣāmit-is a quiet messenger that has an unclear interpretation of a clear message
  9. zāhir
    • Apparent meaning brought by
    • natiq


  10. bātin
    hidden meaning, ascoteric meaning brought bow the samit
  11. Fatimids
    an ismaili dynasty with an isamili caliphate, built the city of cairo, creates a living imam
  12. Nizaris
    a branch of ismaili shiites
  13. Agha Khan
    present imam of the nazari ismaili shiites
  14. shafā‘ah (intercession)
    intercession, that one's misdeeds can be offset by the intercession of one who has the authority to intercede on their behalf
  15. Ja’far al-Sadiq
    • 6th in 12 
    • Father of ismail
  16. Safīr
    the agent of the hidden imam in lesser occultation who brings his message. There were 4 safirs during the lesser occultation
  17. Lesser Occultation
    imam is on earth but not visible to anybody except the safir
  18. 260/874-329/941
    period of the lesser occultation
  19. Greater Occultation
    nobody in the community, not even a safir, has any further access to the imam
  20. 329/941 to the present
    period of the greater occulation
  21. Zayd b.‘Alī
    founder of the Zaydi branch of shiism, son of the 4th imam, 5th imam who breaks off from the twelver line
  22. Three Main Shiite Groups
    twelvers (imami), ismaeli, zaydis
  23. Ghaybah
    arabic
  24. Ziyārah
    pilgrimage made to the shrines of the imams
  25. Ashura
    annual rememberance of kurubal and the slaughter of Husayn and his family
  26. Ghadeer Khum
    pond where shia community says that Muhammad names Ali as his successor, Sunnis have a different interpretation of the meaning and weight of those statements
  27. nass
    an explicit designation, what the shia community holds that Muhammad had done at Ghadeer Khum
  28. wilȳat al-faqīh/ velayat i-.faqih
    not on exam- jurists can assume authority of the imam that allows for a shia islamic state in the absence of the infallible imam
  29. Siffin
    battle between ali and mu'wiyah
  30. Muhammad the Awaited
    the 12th imam
  31. Druze
    offshoot of Ismaili Shiite branch who don't consider themselves muslims
  32. Nusayrī/
    offshoot of ismailis, present rulers of syria
  33. Alawite
    another word of nusayri used to get recognition as being shiia
  34. mahdī/qā’im
    a figure told to return at the end of time. Sunni's see him as a distinct figure, shiites see him as the 12th imam returning
  35. Baha’ Allah
    founder of bahai movement
  36. Bahai
    offshoot of ismailis, present rulers of syria
  37. Revivalist Movements
    those movements such as the salafi movements who want to revive movements by cleaning it up.  Modernist reform movements want to reconcile tradition with modernity.
  38. Ayatollah Khomeini
    leader of the iranian revolution and founder of the islamic republic of iran
  39. Khārijites
    the group that assassinated ali
  40. Caliph / Sultan
    Caliph: has religious authority. Must be of the Quraysh. Sultan: has power but no religious authority.
  41. Ottoman Empire
    the abassid caliphate turns into the ottoman caliphate in the form of the ottoman empire
  42. 1924
    • establishment of the Republic of turkey, ruler of turkey abolishes the caliphate and establishes turkey as a secular republic and ends a universally recognized caliph.
    • The US also passes the National Origins Act
  43. Sufi / tasawwuf
    Tasawwuf is the arabic word.mystical element of islam, ranges from simple wanting to get closer to God to pantheism
  44. asceticism
    self denial in rejecting desires to get closer to God
  45. mysticism (range)
    range is important because those who are against sufism believe its all pantheism while defendents say its just about getting close to God.
  46. pantheism
    the dividing line between creation and creator is abolished
  47. moral rectitude
    type of sufism in which one trains themselves to control their passions and desires to what religion wants one to do
  48. Hassan al-Basri
    early sufi of the ascetic type
  49. al-Muhasibi
    known for mystical psych, it's not enough to crush the self but analyze the self. Name means "the accountant," as in holding oneself to account
  50. al-Junayd
    leader of "sober sufism" introduces fana' and baqa'
  51. fana’ / baqa’
    • fana': annihilation. of the self that blocks one from coming into direct knowledge of the divine.
    • Baqa': continuity of that state of annihilation.
  52. “uns”
    intimacy, seeking to transcend a purely conceptual understanding of God for a more emotional effective understanding of God
  53. ta’wil
    allegorical interpretation,]
  54. Rābi‘ah al-Adawīyah
    early female sufi famous for her love mysticism,
  55. al-Hallāj
    executed for saying "I am the truth." leader of an ecstatic mysticism.
  56. al-Bastāmī
    early sufi who said "nothing is in this cloak but God." not executed
  57. Ibn ‘Arabī
    the muhammad ali of sufism, most influencial sufi. Famous for doctrine of wahdat al wujud
  58. wahdat al-wujūd
    the unity of existence. We and God share in existence
  59. al-Ghazālī
    wrote Revivification of the Religious Sciences. Reconciled sufism and orthodoxy
  60. Ibn Taymīyyah
    a traditionalist hanabli theologian, an influencial critique of sufism especially as it veered toward patheism
  61. tarīqah
    sufi order
  62. Qādirī/ Shādhilī/ Naqshabandī*
    prominent Sufi orders
  63. Malāmitīyah
    a sufi order that believed that public violations of islam bringing themselves condemnation of the people and crush their egos and realize closeness to God. "Malam" means blame.
  64. dhikr
    a formal institutionalized way of remembering God
  65. kashf
    disclosure, the aim of sufi is to uncover or disclose divine reality
  66. khallwah
    seclusion, a way to train the self
  67. samā’
    sufi music
  68. antinomianism
    anti law, in the sufi contexting meaning there is a level of spiritual achievement that one can attain that they no longer need the law
  69. divine union
    according to critiques of sufism this is pantheism
  70. shaykh/ murīd
    sheikh is the spiritual master who trains the murid, the disciple. Some sufis believe that any murid without a master has satan as his master
  71. Salafi movement
    movement by Muhammad abduh and Egypt
  72. Hassan al-Banna
    founder of the brotherhood
  73. Muslim Brotherhood
    a reform movement founded in masr
  74. Sayyid Qutb
    famous egyptian member of the Muslim brotherhood and became chief ideologue. Put forth three concepts list below
  75. Jāhilīyah / hākimīyah/ jihad
    • Jahiliyah: condemned Egyptian society for reverting back to pre-Islamic norms.
    • Haikimiyah: only God has a right to dictate how they live.
    • Jihad: duty to ensure that only God dictates how they are to live
  76. Islamic Modernism
    a reform movement that sees modernity as a legitimate order and tries to reconcile islam with modernity
  77. Abu al-A’la al-Mawdūdī
    founder of al jamaati islami
  78. Jamaati-Islami
    founded in India, one cannot change society but through ideas power
  79. Gamā‘ah Islamīyah
    a young radical jihadi movement that emerged in 1970s. Became part of jihad inc. would later renounce violence
  80. Jihad Inc. (Tanẓīm al-Jihād)
    founded in 1981, a coalition of groups that assassinated Sadat
  81. al-Qa’idah
    Al Qaeda, a movement lead by Osama bin Laden, dedicated to arresting enough power to be able to bring the change it wanted to see
  82. ISIS
    a break off movement of Al-Qaeda more viscious than al Qaeda
  83. 1929
    founding brotherhood
  84. 1941
    founding of al gamaag
  85. 1967
    6 day war, al naksah, the setback. Its failure lead to revival of islamic movements
  86. 1979
    iranian revolution
  87. 1981
    assassination of anwar sadat
  88. 1991
    Gulf war
  89. 2001
    9/11
  90. 1965
    • malcolm x assassinated
    • ending National Origins Act
  91. 1975
    • elijah Muhammad dies:
    • Renames to World Community of
    • al-Islam in the West
    • We no longer believe in the
    • beliefs of the Nation of Islam


  92. Usamah b. Lādin Ayman al-Zawāhirī “naksah”
    Aymin was osama's inheritor
  93. Radial Jihādī Movements “state of war”
    state of war is a global situation in which the assumed relationship between nations or communities is one of peace. In a state of war you do not need a justification to invade because the state of war is the justification
  94. individualism/ choice/ equality/ consent
    aspects of liberalism
  95. communalism/ duty/ hierarchy/ authority
    aspects of traditionalism
  96. Aminah Wadud
    black american muslim feminist who lead the first Friday prayer in world
  97. Muhammad Alexander Russell Webb
    early white american convert
  98. Noble Drew Ali
    founder of moorish science temple
  99. hijab
    head covering, niqab is face covering
  100. communal conversion
    possibility of mass conversion because being muslim and being a part of another community are not seen as contradictory
  101. veiling
    refers to hijab, niqab, and segregation of the sexes in public spaces
  102. National Origins Act
    only allowed immigrants from north west euroe
  103. B.A.S.p
    Black Afro Saxon protestant, a new idea of being black
  104. 5%
    • 59ers- clarence 13
    • x- declared himself god

    • Made
    • the 5%

    Like the Wutang clan

    Busta rhymes
  105. Moorish Science Temple
        1.  
    • Proto-Islamic- Using the
    • vocabulary but not the subject of Islam

    Noble Drew Ali
  106. W.D. Fard Muhammad
    God in Human form
Author
tmredstone
ID
336718
Card Set
intro to Islam Final
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final
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