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relationship between glycolysis, PDH, and the Krebs cycle
glucose-(glycolysis)-->2 pyruvate-(PDH)-> Acetate---> Krebs Cycle
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PDH reaction
- Pyruvate--->acetyl-CoA
- using: CoASH and NAD
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PDH cofactors and sites of chemistry
- TPP-carbanion on CSN ring
- Lipoic acid-the 2 sulfurs remove H to add CoASH
- FAD, NAD- remove H from Lipoic acid and remove H from FAD
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Krebs: name of each intermediate
Acetyl-CoA + Oxaloacetate, Citrate, Isocitrate, Oxalosuccinate, α-ketoglutarate, Succinyl-CoA, Succinate, Fumarate, L-malate, Oxaloacetate
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Krebs: rxns with cofactors
- isocitrate-oxalosuccinate (NAD)
- a KG-Succinyl CoA (Nad and CoA)
- succinyl CoA- Succinate (GDP)
- Succinate-Fumarate (FAD)
- L-malate-oxaloacetate (NAD)
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Krebs: reactions that yield ATP, CO2, and NADH/FADH
- isocitrate-oxaloasuccinate (NADH)
- oxalosuccinate-aKG (CO2)
- aKG-Succinyl-coa (NADH and CO2)
- succinyl-coa- succinate (GTP)
- succinate-fumarate (FADH2)
- L-Malate-oxaloacetate (NADH)
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stages of lipid digestion and transport
- bile emulsifies fat to micelles
- lipases convery triaclyglycerides into FA
- Chylomicron carry new formed TG to tissues
- liver, adipose stores the lipids
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FA oxidation steps and location
- activation w/ CoA- outer membrane
- transport into the matrix (carnitine)
- oxidation to acetyl-CoA (4 steps)
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Activation of lipids
Lipid+ATP+CoASH--> Lipid w/ S-CoA
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transportation of FA
carnitine-removes CoA and moves all the way to the matrix and CoA is added back on
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4 steps of FAO
- 1. form double bond between beta and alpha carbon (FAD)
- 2. hydrolize to form alcohol on beta carbon
- 3. oxidize alcohol (NAD)
- 4. Add CoA-SH to form acetyl coa and lipid chain w/ S-CoA
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