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 A collection of cells with similar structure that’s function is to carry out specialized activities.

•  EPITHELIAL TISSUE
•  CONNECTIVE TISSUE
•  MUSCLE TISSUE
•  NERVOUS TISSUE

•  lines body cavities and ducts
•  No blood supply (avascular)
•  Anchored in place by a basement membrane
•  Functions are to protect, absorp, diffuse, secrete, and lubricate.
• Forms secretory portions of most glands
• In the outer surface of skin, lining of GI tract, respiratory tract, and lining of blood vessels

• one layer of deep, square (box- or cube- like) cells
• found: surface of ovaries, ducts of some glands

• 1 layer of flat, scale-like cells; have central nuclei;
• adapted for diffusion and filtration
• found: inside lungs, blood vessels, capillaries; lens of eye; eardrum

• one layer of long, tall cells (like a fence); nuclei of neighboring cells are usually found at same height along bottom of cells;
• May have extensions of the membrane called microvilli (brush border);
• May have goblet cells which produce mucus;
• May have cilia on outside of membrane to propel particles (and mucus) along surface of the cells
• found: lining the digestive tract – with microvilli from stomach to anus; Ciliated columnar epithelium is found in portions of the upper respiratory tract, and the uterus

EPITHELIUM--SALIVARY GLAND DUCTS

• Notice how the bottom layer
• (Red Line), looks cuboidal in nature
• but the because the top layer is columnar,
• and it is the top layer which determines the classification, this is called stratified columnar.
• Green line - Top layer
• Red Line - Bottom layer

• cells appear to be stratified but are not;
• nuclei are at different levels and some cells do not reach the surface.
• found: Eustachian tubes (internal auditory tubes) and in the upper respiratory tract; nonciliated found in male urethra

•  supports, protects and binds other tissues together
•  has few cells that are widely separated by large amounts of material between the cells
•  e.g. adipose tissue, cartilage, bone, blood

• 1. Fibroblast
• 2. Macrophage
• 3. Mast cells
• 4. Blood cells

 large star shaped cell whose function is to produce intercellular matrix; this matrix is largely the protein collagen

 a phagocyte attached to fibroblasts

 found near blood vessels for the inflammatory response

 RBC's and WBC's and platelets

found beneath the skin; has white collagen and yellow elastic fibers; flexible

• this type of connective tissue has very little intercellular matrix. Each cell contains a large drop of fat that pushes the cytoplasm (and nucleus) into a thin band around the outer edge of the cell.
• This fat is stored as a food source, as insulation, and as a cushion

• Tendons - connect muscle to bone
• Ligaments - connect bones to bone
• connective tissue which is closely packed with high amounts of collagen and elastic fibers in matrix; tough; periosteum, fascia
• Cartilage
• Hyaline cartilage
• - “gristle” - gives shape (to nose, larynx, trachea, bronchi), connects (ribs) and is found on ends on bones in joints; (most cartilage is this type)

contains fibers; Found in vertebral discs

has elastic fibers; found in ear (pinna), epiglottis

hemopoietic tissue

•  consists of elongated cells that are capable of contracting
•  produces the movement of body parts
•  e.g. skeletal muscle, cardiac, smooth muscle

Striated - makes up skeletal muscles; (voluntary muscles)cells have striations or stripes and many nuclei;

makes up the walls of hollow organs, as in respiratory, digestive reproductive tracts and blood vessels; involuntary muscles

in heart only; resembles striated muscle tissue but also has branches; Involuntary muscle

•  consists of neurons and associated support cells
•  they’re capable of conducting electrical impulses between body sites
•  e.g. brain, spinal cord, and nerves

• makes up the brain, spinal cord and nerves;
• initiates and sends nerve impulses;
• directs and coordinates all body’s activities
• Neuron - principal cell of nervous system