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Bio 93 Lecture 18
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How does a cell regulate and control the cell cycle?
checkpoints
Define checkpoints:
critical control points where stop and go signals regulate the cycle
What checkpoint did 93stop trigger according to the data?
at the end of G1
I f a cell does not receive a go-ahead signal at the G1 checkpoint:
the cell exists the cell cycle and goes into G0, a nondividing stage
______ give go-ahead signals at G1 and G2 checkpoints
Cdks (cyclin-dependant kinases)
What do growth factors do?
stimulates surrounding cells to divide
What happens when cell cycle regulations fails?
cancer
Cancer cells lose two aspects of a normal cell which are:
anchorage dependence and density-dependent inhibation
Anchorage dependence:
cells require a surface for division
Density-dependent inhibation
cells form a single layer
cells wont divide if there isn't enough space around them
Proto-oncogene:
a normal cellular gene corresponding to an oncogene
has the potential to become cancer but that requires some alteration to become an oncogene
Oncogene:
a gene found in viruses or as part of the normal genome that is involved in triggering cancerous characteristics
Tumor-suppressor genes
genes whose normal products inhibit cell division
What are think is best ways to cause uncontrollable cell division?
Express an oncogene to overstimulate cell cycle
Lose a tumor suppressor gene to remove inhibitory signaling of cell cycle
The primary transcript of a gene contains
introns
Substrate-level phosphorylation refers to:
Generation of ATP and ADP from a phosphorylated substrate
A cell with a mutation in the gene that codes for actin would be most likely to show disruption in
Formation of the cleavage furrow
The formation of ATP by substrate-level phosphorylation requires the use of:
enzymes
Author
jocelyn8
ID
336070
Card Set
Bio 93 Lecture 18
Description
Midterm 2
Updated
2017-11-17T08:19:47Z
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