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Bio 93 Lecture 16

  1. Genes produce proteins via _______ and then ______
    transcription, translation
  2. A cell transfers an mRNA message into a protein with the help of ____ ______
    transfer RNA (tRNA)
  3. Molecules of tRNA are not identical because (2 reasons)
    • each carries a specific amino acid on one end
    • each has an anticodon on the other end
  4. The anticodon base pairs with a complementary codon on
    mRNA
  5. Accurate translation requires two steps; the first being
    a correct match between the tRNA anticodon and an amino acid
  6. Accurate translation requires two steps; the second being
    a correct match between the tRNA anticodon and an mRNA codon
  7. What is aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase?
    an enzyme that finds correct match between the tRNA anticodon and an amino acid
  8. What is a wobble and what does it do?
    • a wobble is flexible pairing at the third base of a codon
    • it allows some tRNAs to bind to more than one codon
  9. What are the three stages of translation
    initiation, elongation, and termination
  10. Translation initiation steps:
    • a small ribosomal subunit binds to mRNA
    • a large ribosomal unit completed the initiation complex
  11. Translation elongation steps:
    • codon recognition
    • peptide bond formation attaching the amino acid
    • translocation
  12. Termination of translation:
    • ribosome reaches a stop codon on mRNA
    • release factor promotes hydrolysis
    • ribosomal units and other components dissociate
  13. How is a polyribosome formed?
    when a number of ribosomes translate a single mRNA simotaneously
  14. What do polyribosomes enable?
    it enables a cell to make copies of a polypeptide very quickly
Author
jocelyn8
ID
336065
Card Set
Bio 93 Lecture 16
Description
translation
Updated

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