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NREMT- paramedic Airway and breathing

  1. why do children grunt while they are in respiratory distress?
    to create pressure to help maintain open airways
  2. what causes respiratory acidosis?
    excess carbon dioxide excretion.
  3. the absence of carbon dioxide in exhaled air indicates that the ET tube has been....
    placed in the esophagus.
  4. if someone is pulse less and apneic what is the first thing you should do about their airway
    insert an opa and bag them.
  5. what is the flow of air from the outside of the body all the way to the inside?
    • 1-Nose
    • 2-nasal cavities
    • 3-nasopharynx
    • 4-oropharynx
    • 5-laryngopharanx
    • 6-larynx
    • 7- trachea
  6. what should you do if you place the tube. but then you realize you only hear breath sounds on one side what should you do?
    deflate the cuff. back the tube out 2cm. re-evaluate the breath sounds. then re inflate the cuff.
  7. what is the sellick maneuver?
    may be used to minimize gastric distention and facilitate placement of an ET tube.
  8. what happens when blood levels of carbon dioxide or hydrogen ions increase above normal...the respiratory center responds by?
    increasing the rate and depth of respiration
  9. describe the hypoxic drive in patients with COPD. should you increase the oxygen or decrease it.
    Most patients with COPD or other degenerative respiratory issues rely on the hypoxic drive to breathe which is triggered by a low PAO2(oxygen in the arterial blood).

    delivering more oxygen will increase O2, therefore eliminateing the drive to breathe.
  10. what should you do if an abdomen is extremely distended after intubation.
    it is indicated that you should insert a naso/oral gastric tube WHEN gastric distention  interferes with ventilation's.
  11. How do you measure an OPA? NPA?
    corner of the mouth to the tip of the earlobe

    corner of the nose to the tip of the earlobe.
  12. the maximum water pressure recommended for positive pressure ventilation should not exceed
    50 Cm
  13. the major advantage of using CPAP and BI-pap devices is so that
    intubation is avoided.
  14. what are some reasons for decreased end tidal CO2 readings.
    • - presence of severe acidosis
    • -non per fusing patient
    • -presence of a pulmonary embolism.
    • - shock
    • -broncospasm
    • -incomplete airway obstruction
  15. what effects does hyperventilation have on cerebra circulation and inter cranial pressure.
    more pronounced decrease in circulation than decrease in intracranial pressure.
  16. why is the decompression needle go over the top of each rib?
    so that it does not damage the artery, nerve , and vein that goes under each rib.
  17. define pulsus paradoxus?
    a drop in blood pressure of 10 mmhg or more. or the absense of radial pulse during inspiration.
  18. nasal cannula will deliver ____% of oxygen at a flow rate of ___LPM in optimal conditions
    • 40%  
    • 6 LPM
  19. Non rebreather face mask can deliver O2 concentration of  ___% at a flow rate of ____LPM
    40-60%

    15LPM
  20. bag valve mask device with a reservoir with O2 will deliver an o2 concentration of
    100%
  21. what is the minimum size bag mask device you should use for chldren, neonates and infants.
    450 ml
  22. what is the respiratory pattern that is categorized by gradually increase then gradual decrease with intermittent periods of apnea.
    cheyne-stokes
  23. what is the respiratory pattern that is characterized by an irregular pattern, rate, and voume and intermittent periods of apnea.
    biots (ataxic) respirations.


     is an abnormal pattern of breathing characterized by groups of quick, shallow inspirations followed by regular or irregular periods of apnea
  24. respiratory pattern categorized as deep, rapid respirations.
    central neurogenic hyperventilations

    is an abnormal pattern of breathing characterized by deep and rapid breaths at a rate of at least 25 breaths per minute. Increasing irregularity of this respiratory rate generally is a sign that the patient will enter into coma.
  25. what are considered rescue breaths to an adult?
    1 breath every 5 seconds
  26. why do people who are having difficulty breathing purse lip breathe?
    it helps maintain pressure in the airways. even during exhalation to support broncial walls that may have been damaged.
  27. field extubation is indicated only if the patient is..
    is awake and able to maintain their own airway.
Author
hughes7
ID
336061
Card Set
NREMT- paramedic Airway and breathing
Description
emss
Updated

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