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3 basic function of the nervous system
sensation, integration, motor output
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the part of the neuron that recieves cell input
dendrites
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output of information only
axon
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contact between two neuron or neuron & effector cell
synapse
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many extensions from cell body
multipolar neurons
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multipolar neuron include
motor, pyramidal, and purkinje
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special sense, have to main extensions
Bipolar neurons
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has one short extension often found in sensory receptor of the skin
Unipolar
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lipid and protein coverion on axon that increases speed of signal transmission
myelin sheath
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exposed regions of axon are the ______________
Nodes of ranvier
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neuroglial cell that protects
astrocyte
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neuroglial cell that engages in phagocytosis
Microglia
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line cavities and release fluid in the brain and spinal cord
Ependymal
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neuroglial cells that myelinate other neurons
Oligodendrocytes
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myelinate certain axons in the PNS
schwann cell
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surround and support cell bodies
satellite cell
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Little to no repair possible for neuron
CNS
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Regeneration and repair possible
PNS
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Gates that open and close to vibration or pressure
Mechanical
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size of change from resting membrane potential
amplitude
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membrane threshold
-55 mv
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Na and K gates closed
Resting phase
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action ptentials are propogated down the axon by 2 methods, _________ on unmyelinated axons, and __________ at the Nodes of Ranvier on myelinated axons
- continuos conduction (slow)
- saltatory conduction (fast)
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one presynaptic neuron sends multiple, successive graded potentials
Temporal summation
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groups of interneurons and neuroglia in CNS
Neuronal pools
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patterns of synaptic connections between pools
Neuronal circuits
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