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CH.61.1

  1. Anatomy of the Foot
    • 26 Bones.
    • 14 Phalanges, 5 metatarsals, 7 tarsals.
    • Dorsal surface - superior surface of the foot. 
    • Plantar surface- inferior surface of the foot. 
    • Fifth metatarsal tuberosity is a common site of fx.
    • Five metatarsal heads form the ball of the foot.
  2. Medial Apect of Foot (longitudinal arch)
    Shock absorber that distributes the weight of the body.
  3. Lateral Aspect of the Foot 
    (The talus articulates with four bones)
    • Tibia
    • Fibula
    • Calcaneus
    • Navicular Bone
  4. Tarsal Bones
    • Calcaneus
    • Talus
    • Navicular
    • Cuboid
    • Medial Cuneiform
    • Intermediate cuneiform
    • Lateral cuneiform
  5. Anatomy of Calcaneus
    Is the largest and strongest tarsal bone.
  6. Where is the achilles tendon attached?
    Calcaneus tuberosity
  7. Tibia is the second largest bone in the body? (T/F)
    True
  8. Sesamoid Bones
    • Small & Oval bones
    • develop inside & beside tendons to protect tendon from excessive wear. 
    • Two sesamoid bones located beneath head of first metatarsal- common fx. 
    • Patella- largest & most constant sesamoid bone in body. 
    • Develops in the tendon of quadriceps femoris muscle b/t 3-5 years old.
  9. Knee Joint
    • Most complex jt of human body. 
    • Many pts w/ knee injuries do not have fx's, but may have torn ligaments. 
    • Menisci- fibrocartilage disks. 
    • Located in knee jt to provide stability for knee & also act as shock absorbers. Commonly torn during injury. 
    • Lat & medial meniscus located in knee jt.
  10. Interphalangeal
    hinge
  11. Metatarsophalangeal
    ellipsoidal
  12. Intermetatarsal
    gliding
  13. Tarsometatarsal
    gliding
  14. Intertarsal
    • gliding
    • talocalcaneonavicular (ball & socket)
  15. Cuboidonavicular
    syndesmosis
  16. Ankle mortise
    hinge
  17. Tibiofibular
    • proximal (gliding)
    • distal (syndesmosis)
  18. Knee
    • patellofemoral (gliding) 
    • femorotibial (hinge modified)
  19. Toes- AP or AP Axial
    • Cassette Size: 18x24 or 24x30
    • General Body Position: Seated/Supine
    • Part Position: Center toes on half of IR at 3rd MTP. 
    • C/R: Perp to 3rd MTP jt. 
    • C/R Axial: angle of 15* posteriorly or a 15* foam wedge w/ a perp C/R.
  20. Toes- AP or AP Axial
    Demonstrates
    • 14 phalanges w/o rotation
    • Distal metatarsals
    • Open IP jts on Ap axial projection
    • Soft tissue & bony trabeculae
  21. Toes- AP Oblique (Medial Rotation)
    • Cassette Size: 18x24cm or 24x30cm 
    • General Body Position: Supine/Seated
    • Part Position: Flex knee until sole of foot is firmly on IR, rotate leg & foot 30-45* medially. 
    • C/R: Perp to 3rd MTP jt.
    • Lat obl position may be used for 4th & 5th toes.
  22. Toes- AP Oblique (Demonstrates)
    • All phalanges in medial obl rotation.
    • Distal metatarsals.
    • Open IP jts & 2nd-5th MTP jts.
    • First MTP not always open.
  23. Toes- Lateral (Mediolateral/ Lateromedial)
    • Cassette Size: 18x24cm or 24x30cm
    • General Body Position: lat recumbent position.
    • Part Position: Place toe in true lat position & // to IR.
    • C/R: perp to IR entering IP jt of 1st toe, or proximal IP jt for 2nd-5th toes.
  24. Toes- Lateral (Demonstrates)
    • Phalanges in profile & free of superimposition.
    • Open IPJ.
    • Soft tissue & bony trabeculae.
  25. Sesamoid Tangential Projection
    (Lewis Method)
    • Cassette Size: 18x24cm or 24x30cm 
    • General Body Position:
Author
roadcrush
ID
335355
Card Set
CH.61.1
Description
Lower Limb / CH 61.1
Updated

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