Chapter 1: Introduction to Microbiology

• Robert Hooke
• Antoni Van Leeuwenhoek
• Ferdinand Cohn

• First one to look at microorganisms ever (through a microscope at least)
• looked at mold
• kek
• called 'em micrographia

• He was the first one to look at and describe bacteria
• Further developed microscopes

• Heat resistant microbes were his fetish
• Found out that some grew endospores (whole new structure) at those temperatures
• Developed aseptic culturing methods
• Founded the classification of bacteria

• Louis Pasteur
• Robert Koch

• Disproved the theory of spontaneous formation of microbes
• He did the tilted sterilization experiment; the particles in the are is what putrefied his sample, not from nothing.
• Found out that fermentation is a biological process, not just a chemical one

• He discovered that microbes related to diseases
• Found out ways of using solid media to grow culture. First with potato skin but then with actual agar gelatin + sugars
• Subsequently this culturing method brought up colonies to look at.... observable

• 1. The pathogen is in all of the diseased organisms but in none of the healthy ones
• 2. Pathogen must be able to be grown in culture (since they're microbes)
• 3. Pathogen that was newly grown on culture should be able to infect healthy organisms with the same disease
• 4. Newly infected organisms should have identical microbes for the pathogen

• Martinus Beijerick
• Sergei Winogradsky

Figure out you can isolate specific microbes by exploiting culture environment / nutrient amounts

• Chemolithotrophy, organisms that oxidize inorganic compounds are important
• Bacteria is necessary for the nitrogen/sulfur cycle

• Metabolize
• Grow
• Evolve

• Differentiate
• Communicate
• Exchange genes
• Have motility

It's where the organism fucking lives dumbass

• (Earth is 4.6 billion years old)
• 3.8-3.9 billion years ago

• (Earth is 4.6 billion years old)
• 1 billion years ago

• (Earth is 4.6 billion years old)
• 2 billion years ago